Department of Social Psychology and Quantitative Psychology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
J Occup Rehabil. 2019 Mar;29(1):1-10. doi: 10.1007/s10926-018-9771-0.
Purpose People with schizophrenia continue to encounter barriers to employment acquisition. The aim of this scoping study was to identify and synthesize existent evidence about the employment support needs of people diagnosed with schizophrenia. Methods Five relevant databases were used: CINAHL, Medline, PsycINFO, SCOPUS, and Web of Science. Additional material of potential interest was identified through the references of the retrieved articles. A manual search for publications from the 3 months immediately prior to the electronic search was carried out in specialized journals. Searches covered the period between 1945 and August 30, 2017 without language restrictions. Two approaches were used to display the data: descriptive analysis and thematic analysis. Results Twelve articles met the inclusion criteria, most of which discussed experiences of participation in individual placement and support programmes. Thematic analysis identified four support needs: developing skills, vocational intervention, support and encouragement, and a supportive work environment. Conclusions There is a paucity of literature examining and evaluating employment support needs from the perspectives of people with schizophrenia. Future research must look beyond individual factors affecting employment outcomes to consider societal attitudes, stigma and work-related legislation.
精神分裂症患者在获得就业方面仍然面临障碍。本研究旨在确定和综合现有的关于精神分裂症患者就业支持需求的证据。
使用了五个相关数据库：CINAHL、Medline、PsycINFO、SCOPUS 和 Web of Science。通过检索到的文章的参考文献，确定了其他潜在相关材料。在专业期刊上对电子检索前 3 个月的出版物进行了手动检索。检索范围涵盖 1945 年至 2017 年 8 月 30 日，不限制语言。采用描述性分析和主题分析两种方法来展示数据。
符合纳入标准的文章有 12 篇，其中大多数讨论了参与个人安置和支持计划的经验。主题分析确定了四项支持需求：发展技能、职业干预、支持和鼓励，以及支持性的工作环境。
目前关于从精神分裂症患者的角度评估就业支持需求的文献很少。未来的研究必须超越影响就业结果的个体因素，考虑社会态度、污名和与工作相关的立法。
