Rissatto Sierra Luan, Fávaro Gabriel, Cerri Bruno Rubin, Rocha Lara Caetano, de Yokomizo de Almeida Sonia Regina, Watanabe Ii-Sei, Ciena Adriano Polican
Department of Physical Education, Laboratory of Morphology and Physical Activity-"LAMAF", University State of São Paulo "Júlio de Mesquita Filho"-UNESP, Rio Claro, SP, Brasil.
Department of Anatomy, ICB-III, University of São Paulo-USP, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
Microsc Res Tech. 2018 Aug;81(8):816-822. doi: 10.1002/jemt.23040. Epub 2018 Apr 24.
The study aims to describe the tissue plasticity of MTJ through the morphological analysis of MTJ soleus in ovariectomized aged female Wistar rats submitted to aquatic training. Forty aged Wistar rats, 1 year and 2 months of age, were divided into four groups: sedentary (S), trained (T), ovariectomized (O), and trained/ovariectomized (OT). Employing the transmission electron microscopy, the ultrastructural and morphometric elements were revealed. In the S group, changes in morphological characteristics as a consequence of the aging process were seen, demonstrated by the conical shape of the muscle cell extremity, a large area with collagen deposit, and misalignment of sarcomeres in series. The T group presented ample adjustments when revealed the organization of MTJ, through the increase of the contact area and greater lengths of sarcoplasmatic invaginations and evaginations. The O group revealed extensive tissue disorganization with muscle atrophy, reduction of MTJ contact area, and consequently, changes in sarcoplasmatic invaginations and evaginations. The OT group demonstrated extensive remodeling with restructuring MTJ through the increase of tissue contact area, extensive organization, parallel arrangement, and increased length of sarcoplasmatic invaginations and evaginations. The distal sarcomeres presented higher lengths compared to the proximal sarcomeres in both the groups. We conclude that aquatic training was effective in the organization and structural remodeling of the myotendinous interface of ovariectomized aged rats. There was a greater area of contact, and consequently, greater resistance in the myotendinous interface promoting a lower predisposition to injuries.
本研究旨在通过对接受水上训练的去卵巢老龄雌性Wistar大鼠的比目鱼肌肌腱交界处(MTJ)进行形态学分析,来描述MTJ的组织可塑性。40只1岁2个月大的老龄Wistar大鼠被分为四组:久坐不动组(S)、训练组(T)、去卵巢组(O)和训练/去卵巢组(OT)。采用透射电子显微镜揭示超微结构和形态测量学元素。在S组中,观察到了衰老过程导致的形态特征变化,表现为肌细胞末端呈圆锥形、有大面积胶原沉积以及串联肌节排列不齐。T组在揭示MTJ的组织结构时呈现出充分的调整,表现为接触面积增加以及肌质内陷和外突的长度增加。O组显示出广泛的组织紊乱,伴有肌肉萎缩、MTJ接触面积减小,进而导致肌质内陷和外突发生变化。OT组通过增加组织接触面积、广泛的组织排列、平行排列以及肌质内陷和外突长度增加,展示了通过MTJ重组实现的广泛重塑。两组中远端肌节的长度均比近端肌节更长。我们得出结论,水上训练对去卵巢老龄大鼠的肌腱-肌肉界面的组织和结构重塑有效。肌腱-肌肉界面有更大的接触面积,因此有更大的阻力,从而降低了受伤的易感性。