Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, India; School of Regenerative Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Yelahanka, Bengaluru 560065, India.
Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, India.
Oral Oncol. 2018 May;80:23-32. doi: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2018.03.004. Epub 2018 Mar 21.
Hypoxia, a condition of low oxygen tension in tissues, has emerged as a crucial factor in tumor pathophysiology. Hypoxic microenvironment gives rise to altered cellular metabolism and triggers varied molecular responses. These responses promote tumor progression and confer radiation resistance and chemo resistance to tumors. The predominant molecules that are associated with hypoxia research are the hypoxia inducible factors (HIFs). HIFs are known to regulate a large group of genes that are involved in cell survival, proliferation, motility, metabolism, pH regulation, extracellular matrix function, inflammatory cell recruitment and angiogenesis by inducing the expression of their downstream target genes. The process of epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been associated with metastasis in cancer. Reports also suggest that hypoxia triggers EMT in several types of cancer including breast cancer, prostate cancer and oral cancer. Oral cancer is a predominant cancer in Central and South East Asia. However, in the recent times, the incidence rates of oral cancer have been increasing in Northern and Eastern Europe as well. This review articulates the role of hypoxia and the associated factors like HIFs in inducing EMT in oral cancer (OSCC).
缺氧是组织中氧张力降低的一种状态，已成为肿瘤病理生理学中的一个关键因素。缺氧微环境导致细胞代谢改变，并引发各种分子反应。这些反应促进肿瘤的进展，并赋予肿瘤辐射抗性和化疗抗性。与缺氧研究相关的主要分子是缺氧诱导因子（HIFs）。众所周知，HIFs 通过诱导其下游靶基因的表达，调节涉及细胞存活、增殖、迁移、代谢、pH 调节、细胞外基质功能、炎症细胞募集和血管生成的一大组基因。上皮间质转化（EMT）的过程与癌症转移有关。有报道还表明，缺氧会引发多种类型的癌症发生 EMT，包括乳腺癌、前列腺癌和口腔癌。口腔癌是中东南亚地区主要的癌症。然而，在最近，北欧和东欧的口腔癌发病率也在上升。这篇综述阐述了缺氧及其相关因素（如 HIFs）在诱导口腔癌（OSCC）发生 EMT 中的作用。
