In order to explore reasonable utilization of vegetable residue, the effects of application of different levels (0, 15, 20, 30 t·hm) of tomato and cucumber residue compost on soil pro-perties, the leaf photosynthesis and the yield of vegetables were studied in solar greenhouse. The results showed that both kinds of vegetable compost could reduce soil bulk density, increase soil organic matter content, soil microbial biomass and soil enzyme activity, promote plant growth, and improve vegetable yield and quality. The more amount compost returned, the better was the effect on plant growth and yield. The positive effect of the vegetable residue compost application in the second cucumber growing season was more noticeable than that in the first tomato growing season, which indicated the application of vegetable residue compost could effectively promote soil fertility, increase vegetable yield and improve vegetable nutrient quality.