Spika J, Rud E W
Centre for Immunization and Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, ON.
University of Ottawa, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Ottawa, ON.
Can Commun Dis Rep. 2015 Nov 19;41(Suppl 5):7-10. doi: 10.14745/ccdr.v41is5a02.
Vaccines and immunization programs can play a key role in addressing the growing challenge of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Amongst the high priority vaccines in development are several AMR pathogens, including: and . There is evidence that vaccination can reduce the prevalence of AMR microbes, as demonstrated by both pneumococcal and b vaccines. Research continues on many vaccine-preventable diseases, many of these AMR pathogens, including HIV and universal influenza vaccines. Not only do vaccines prevent infections, they can also prevent secondary opportunistic infections from AMR microbes-for example, bacterial pneumonia following influenza infections. The reduced need to treat these opportunistic infections would also mitigate the advance of AMR microbes in our communities. However, vaccines are not a panacea. One downside to the use of vaccines to address AMR is vaccine hesitancy, which undermines efforts to achieve herd immunity, but this is being increasingly addressed by public health education campaigns.
疫苗和免疫规划在应对日益严峻的抗菌药物耐药性（AMR）挑战方面可以发挥关键作用。正在研发的高优先级疫苗中包括几种AMR病原体，其中有：……和……。有证据表明，接种疫苗可以降低AMR微生物的流行率，肺炎球菌疫苗和……b疫苗都证明了这一点。针对许多疫苗可预防疾病的研究仍在继续，其中包括许多此类AMR病原体，如艾滋病毒疫苗和通用流感疫苗。疫苗不仅能预防感染，还能预防AMR微生物引起的继发性机会性感染——例如，流感感染后的细菌性肺炎。减少对这些机会性感染的治疗需求也将减缓AMR微生物在我们社区中的传播。然而，疫苗并非万灵药。使用疫苗应对AMR的一个不利因素是疫苗犹豫，这会破坏实现群体免疫的努力，但公共卫生教育运动正越来越多地解决这一问题。
