Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA.
Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA.
Environ Toxicol Chem. 2018 Aug;37(8):2165-2174. doi: 10.1002/etc.4173. Epub 2018 Jul 11.
The toxicity of petroleum can increase considerably after exposure to solar radiation, during which certain components in the mixture, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), absorb light in ultraviolet and visible portions of the solar radiation spectrum. A phototoxic target lipid model (PTLM), previously developed to predict the phototoxicity of single PAHs, is validated for 4 species (Americamysis bahia, Rhepoxynius abronius, Daphnia magna, and Pimephales promelas) exposed to 12 compounds that are components of petroleum, including alkylated PAHs and dibenzothiophene. The PTLM is also used to predict the phototoxicity of binary and ternary mixtures of 3 PAHs, pyrene, anthracene, and fluoranthene, to A. bahia and Menidia beryllina. Finally, it is used to predict the toxicity of water accommodated fractions of neat and naturally weathered Macondo crude oil samples from the Deepwater Horizon oil spill sites. The Gulf of Mexico species, including A. bahia, M. beryllina, Cyprinodon variegatus, and Fundulus grandis were exposed to the oil samples under natural and simulated solar radiation. The results support the applicability of the PTLM for predicting the phototoxicity of petroleum. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018;37:2165-2174. © 2018 SETAC.
石油的毒性在暴露于太阳辐射后会大大增加，在此过程中，混合物中的某些成分，包括多环芳烃（PAHs），会吸收太阳辐射光谱中紫外线和可见光部分的光。先前开发的用于预测单环芳烃光毒性的光毒性目标脂质模型（PTLM）已针对 12 种化合物（美洲亚米虾、Rhepoxynius abronius、大型溞和 Pimephales promelas）进行了验证，这些化合物是石油的成分，包括烷基化的 PAHs 和二苯并噻吩。PTLM 还用于预测 3 种 PAHs（芘、蒽和荧蒽）的二元和三元混合物对 A. bahia 和 Menidia beryllina 的光毒性。最后，它用于预测来自深海地平线溢油事件地点的纯净和自然风化的马孔多原油水样的水容纳分数的毒性。墨西哥湾物种，包括 A. bahia、M. beryllina、Cyprinodon variegatus 和 Fundulus grandis，在自然和模拟太阳辐射下暴露于油样中。结果支持 PTLM 用于预测石油光毒性的适用性。环境毒理化学 2018;37:2165-2174。 © 2018 SETAC。
