School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, South Street, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia.
Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics and the Kuvin Center for the Study of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, The Hebrew University- Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel.
Int J Parasitol. 2018 Aug;48(9-10):691-700. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2018.02.006. Epub 2018 May 17.
Kinetoplast DNA (kDNA) is the mitochondrial genome of trypanosomatids. It consists of a few dozen maxicircles and several thousand minicircles, all catenated topologically to form a two-dimensional DNA network. Minicircles are heterogeneous in size and sequence among species. They present one or several conserved regions that contain three highly conserved sequence blocks. CSB-1 (10 bp sequence) and CSB-2 (8 bp sequence) present lower interspecies homology, while CSB-3 (12 bp sequence) or the Universal Minicircle Sequence is conserved within most trypanosomatids. The Universal Minicircle Sequence is located at the replication origin of the minicircles, and is the binding site for the UMS binding protein, a protein involved in trypanosomatid survival and virulence. Here, we describe the structure and organisation of the kDNA of Trypanosoma copemani, a parasite that has been shown to infect mammalian cells and has been associated with the drastic decline of the endangered Australian marsupial, the woylie (Bettongia penicillata). Deep genomic sequencing showed that T. copemani presents two classes of minicircles that share sequence identity and organisation in the conserved sequence blocks with those of Trypanosoma cruzi and Trypanosoma lewisi. A 19,257 bp partial region of the maxicircle of T. copemani that contained the entire coding region was obtained. Comparative analysis of the T. copemani entire maxicircle coding region with the coding regions of T. cruzi and T. lewisi showed they share 71.05% and 71.28% identity, respectively. The shared features in the maxicircle/minicircle organisation and sequence between T. copemani and T. cruzi/T. lewisi suggest similarities in their process of kDNA replication, and are of significance in understanding the evolution of Australian trypanosomes.
动基体 DNA(kDNA)是动基体生物的线粒体基因组。它由几十个大环和几千个小环组成,所有这些小环都通过拓扑方式连接在一起,形成一个二维 DNA 网络。小环在物种间大小和序列上存在异质性。它们都含有一个或几个保守区域,这些区域包含三个高度保守的序列块。CSB-1(10 个碱基对序列)和 CSB-2(8 个碱基对序列)在物种间的同源性较低,而 CSB-3(12 个碱基对序列)或通用小环序列在大多数动基体生物中是保守的。通用小环序列位于小环的复制起点,是 UMS 结合蛋白的结合位点,该蛋白参与动基体生物的生存和毒力。在这里,我们描述了 Trypanosoma copemani 的 kDNA 的结构和组织,该寄生虫已被证明可以感染哺乳动物细胞,并与濒危的澳大利亚有袋动物——沃利(Bettongia penicillata)的急剧减少有关。深度基因组测序表明,T. copemani 有两类小环,它们在保守序列块中的序列同一性和组织与 Trypanosoma cruzi 和 Trypanosoma lewisi 的小环相同。获得了 T. copemani 大环的一个包含整个编码区的 19,257bp 部分区域。对 T. copemani 整个大环编码区与 T. cruzi 和 T. lewisi 编码区的比较分析表明,它们的同一性分别为 71.05%和 71.28%。T. copemani 与 T. cruzi/T. lewisi 之间大环/小环组织和序列的共享特征表明它们在 kDNA 复制过程中有相似之处,这对于理解澳大利亚锥虫的进化具有重要意义。
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