Ocean acidification stimulates particulate organic carbon accumulation in two Antarctic diatom species under moderate and high natural solar radiation.

Impacts of rising atmospheric CO concentrations and increased daily irradiances from enhanced surface water stratification on phytoplankton physiology in the coastal Southern Ocean remain still unclear. Therefore, in the two Antarctic diatoms Fragilariopsis curta and Odontella weissflogii, the effects of moderate and high natural solar radiation combined with either ambient or future pCO on cellular particulate organic carbon (POC) contents and photophysiology were investigated. Results showed that increasing CO concentrations had greater impacts on diatom physiology than exposure to increasing solar radiation. Irrespective of the applied solar radiation regime, cellular POC quotas increased with future pCO in both diatoms. Lowered maximum quantum yields of photochemistry in PSII (F /F ) indicated a higher photosensitivity under these conditions, being counteracted by increased cellular concentrations of functional photosynthetic reaction centers. Overall, our results suggest that both bloom-forming Antarctic coastal diatoms might increase carbon contents under future pCO conditions despite reduced physiological fitness. This indicates a higher potential for primary productivity by the two diatom species with important implications for the CO sequestration potential of diatom communities in the future coastal Southern Ocean.