Minimally Invasive Staging of Apparent Stage I Malignant Ovarian Germ Cell Tumors: Prevalence and Outcomes.

STUDY OBJECTIVE

Evaluate the prevalence, trends, and outcomes of minimally invasive surgical (MIS) staging of malignant ovarian germ cell tumors (MOGCTs) apparently confined to the ovary.

DESIGN

Retrospective cohort study (Canadian Task Force classification II-2).

SETTING

Participating hospitals in the National Cancer Data Base.

PATIENTS

Women diagnosed between 2010 and 2014 with a MOGCT apparently confined to the ovary with information on the planned surgical approach.

INTERVENTIONS

Staging with MIS or laparotomy.

MEASUREMENT AND MAIN RESULTS

A total of 918 patients were identified. MIS was planned for 294 patients (32%): a laparoscopic approach for 237 patients and a robotic-assisted approach for 57 patients. Rate of conversion to laparotomy was 11% (46 cases), 1.7% and 15.6% in the robotic and laparoscopy groups, respectively (p = .003). No difference in the use of MIS was noted based on year of diagnosis (p = .38). By multivariate analysis white race, higher level of education, and smaller tumor size were associated with the receipt of MIS. Patients in the MIS group were less likely to undergo lymph node dissection (39.6% vs 51.3%, p = .001) and omentectomy (18.7% vs 28.5%, p = .002). Hospital stay after surgery was shorter for patients who had MIS (median, 2 vs 3 days; p <.001). Unplanned 30-day readmission rate was also lower in the MIS group (1.4% vs 3.9%, p = .043). No difference in overall survival was noted between the 2 groups (p = .81).

CONCLUSION

MIS for apparent early-stage MOGCTs was less comprehensive but associated with a decreased hospital stay and unplanned readmission rate.