Döpfner Manfred, Schürmann Stephanie, Bruß Martha, Müller Sabrina, Rademacher Christiane, Breuer Dieter
1 Klinik für Psychiatrie, Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie des Kindes- und Jugendalters an der Uniklinik Köln.
2 Ausbildungsinstitut für Kinder- und Jugendlichenpsychotherapie an der Uniklinik Köln (AKiP).
Z Kinder Jugendpsychiatr Psychother. 2018 Jul;46(4):316-324. doi: 10.1024/1422-4917/a000593. Epub 2018 Jun 13.
Family relations and behavioral-emotional problems in adolescents - an analysis with the adolescent version of the Family Relations Test for Children and Adolescents Abstract.
So far hardly any instruments are available for the German-speaking countries, covering family relations from the perspective of young people reliably. Moreover, the relationship between family relations from the perspective of young people and behavioral problems has been rarely investigated.
Based on the Family Relations Test, which has been developed originally for children, the Family Relations Test for Children and Adolescents was developed in order to assess the family relations from the perspective of adolescents (94 items, 44 % newly developed). A clinical sample (n = 152) and a field sample (n = 132) was tested with this instrument and additionally behavioural problems of the adolescents were rated by the parents and the adolescents.
The two-factor solution of the principal component analysis resulted in a clear distinction between two factors describing positive and negative family relations. The internal consistencies (Cronbach's Alpha) of the scales describing positive and negative relations are between .91 and .93. On these total scores young people from the clinic sample describe overall stronger negative relations in their families compared to young people in the field sample. Within the clinic sample moderate correlations between the extent of mental problems of young people rated by themselves and their parents could be found.
Positive and negative relationships of young people to the individual family members and to all members of the family as a whole can be assessed reliably and factorially valid. As expected, significant correlations between negative family relations and mental problems could be found. The adolescent version of the Family Relations Test for Children and Adolescents proves to be a useful tool, to assess family relationships from the perspective of young people and thus to identify possible factors maintaining mental disorders of young people.
青少年的家庭关系与行为 - 情绪问题——使用儿童及青少年家庭关系测试青少年版的分析摘要
到目前为止，在德语国家几乎没有任何工具能够可靠地从青少年的角度涵盖家庭关系。此外，从青少年角度出发的家庭关系与行为问题之间的关系很少被研究。
基于最初为儿童开发的家庭关系测试，开发了儿童及青少年家庭关系测试，以从青少年的角度评估家庭关系（94个项目，44%为新开发项目）。使用该工具对一个临床样本（n = 152）和一个现场样本（n = 132）进行了测试，此外，父母和青少年对青少年的行为问题进行了评分。
主成分分析的两因素解决方案在描述积极和消极家庭关系的两个因素之间产生了明显区分。描述积极和消极关系的量表的内部一致性（克朗巴哈系数）在0.91至0.93之间。在这些总分上，临床样本中的年轻人比现场样本中的年轻人描述其家庭中总体上更强的消极关系。在临床样本中，可以发现青少年自评的心理问题程度与父母评定的程度之间存在中等相关性。
青少年与各个家庭成员以及整个家庭所有成员之间的积极和消极关系可以得到可靠且因子有效的评估。正如预期的那样，在消极家庭关系与心理问题之间发现了显著相关性。儿童及青少年家庭关系测试青少年版被证明是一个有用的工具，可从青少年的角度评估家庭关系，从而识别维持青少年精神障碍的可能因素。
