Cytomegalovirus and schizophrenia. A test of a viral hypothesis.

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from 20 chronically hospitalised male schizophrenics and from 12 patients admitted with acute schizophrenia were examined for antibodies against cytomegalovirus. A sensitive and specific enzyme-immunoassay was used to detect IgG or IgM classes of antibodies in the CSF of the schizophrenic patients and of ten orthopaedic patients, who served as controls. No significant amounts of IgM antibody were found in the CSF of either group. A significant titre of IgG was found in only one of the 32 schizophrenics, an acute patient, but in four of the orthopaedic patients. The results do not support an association of cytomegalovirus infection with schizophrenia; if such an association occurs, it must be unusual.