Vargas-Koudriavtsev Tatiana, Durán-Sedó Randall, Herrera-Sancho Óscar-Andrey
Dental Faculty, University of Costa Rica. Postgraduate Program in Prosthodontics, University of Costa Rica.
Dental Faculty, University of Costa Rica. Graduate program dental student.
J Clin Exp Dent. 2018 Jun 1;10(6):e537-e541. doi: 10.4317/jced.54478. eCollection 2018 Jun.
Titanium is a less studied trace element in dental enamel. Literature relates an increased Titanium concentration with a decreased enamel crystal domain size, which in turn is related to a higher color value. The aim of our study was to analyze the effect of tooth bleaching agents on its concentration in dental enamel by means of confocal Raman spectroscopy.
Human teeth were randomly distributed in six experimental groups (n=10) and submitted to different bleaching protocols according to the manufacturer´s instructions. Confocal Raman spectroscopy was carried out in order to identify and quantify the presence of titanium dioxide molecules in enamel prior to and during whitening. Statistical analysis included repeated measures analysis of variance (≤0.05) and Bonferroni pairwise comparisons.
Titanium dioxide concentration was negatively affected by the longer bleaching protocols (at-home bleaching gels). All in-office whitening products increased significantly the studied molecule (≤0,05).
All dental specimens depicted the presence of titanium dioxide as a trace element in dental enamel. Bleaching gels that have to be applied at higher concentrations but for shorter periods of time increase the concentration of titanium dioxide, whilst at-home whitening gels used for longer periods of time despite the lower concentration caused a loss in titanium. Bleaching, whitening, hydrogen peroxide, carbamide peroxide, Raman spectroscopy, titanium dioxide.
钛是牙釉质中研究较少的微量元素。文献表明，钛浓度升高与牙釉质晶体域尺寸减小有关，而这又与更高的颜色值相关。我们研究的目的是通过共聚焦拉曼光谱分析牙齿漂白剂对牙釉质中钛浓度的影响。
将人类牙齿随机分为六个实验组（n = 10），并根据制造商的说明采用不同的漂白方案。进行共聚焦拉曼光谱分析，以识别和量化美白前及美白过程中牙釉质中二氧化钛分子的存在。统计分析包括重复测量方差分析（≤0.05）和Bonferroni两两比较。
较长的漂白方案（家用漂白凝胶）对二氧化钛浓度有负面影响。所有诊室美白产品均显著增加了所研究分子的含量（≤0.05）。
所有牙齿标本均显示牙釉质中存在作为微量元素的二氧化钛。必须以较高浓度但较短时间应用的漂白凝胶会增加二氧化钛的浓度，而尽管浓度较低但使用较长时间的家用美白凝胶会导致钛含量损失。漂白、美白、过氧化氢、过氧化脲、拉曼光谱、二氧化钛。
