Wang Yuchen, Wen Mengliang, Li Minggang, Zhao Jiangyuan, Han Xiulin
Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity in Southwest China, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, Yunnan, China.
Baoshan College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Baoshan 678000, Yunnan, China.
Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao. 2018 Jun 25;34(6):862-875. doi: 10.13345/j.cjb.170465.
Santalene and santalol are the main components of valuable perfume sandalwood essential oil, and have good antibacterial, anti-oxidation and anti-tumor activities. Commercial sandalwood essential oil is mainly extracted from sandalwood tree that grows slowly and is difficult to cultivate. In addition, the extraction recovery of sandalwood essential oil from sandalwood tree is too low to meet the market demand. These factors make sandalwood essential oil expensive. An option is to use genetic engineering and molecular biological methods to heterologously express related synthase of santalene and santalol in microbial host. In this paper, the biosynthesis progress of santalene and santalol synthase, as well as the optimization of mevalonate metabolic pathways in the hosts are summarized. Furthermore, the strategies of applying protein engineering technology to carry out orthomutation of santalene synthase were also discussed, to provide reference for the optimal biosynthesis of santalene and santalol.
檀香烯和檀香醇是珍贵的檀香精油的主要成分，具有良好的抗菌、抗氧化和抗肿瘤活性。商业檀香精油主要从生长缓慢且难以栽培的檀香树中提取。此外，从檀香树中提取檀香精油的回收率过低，无法满足市场需求。这些因素使得檀香精油价格昂贵。一种选择是利用基因工程和分子生物学方法在微生物宿主中异源表达檀香烯和檀香醇的相关合成酶。本文综述了檀香烯和檀香醇合成酶的生物合成进展以及宿主中甲羟戊酸代谢途径的优化。此外，还讨论了应用蛋白质工程技术对檀香烯合成酶进行定向诱变的策略，为檀香烯和檀香醇的最佳生物合成提供参考。
