Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan.
School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Vic., 3800, Australia.
New Phytol. 2018 Oct;220(2):409-416. doi: 10.1111/nph.15294. Epub 2018 Jun 30.
Contents Summary 409 I. Introduction 409 II. RNA silencing machinery in Marchantia polymorpha 410 III. miRNA prediction by integrating omics approach 410 IV. miRNAs and their targets in Marchantia polymorpha 410 V. Mpo-miR390-mediated MpTAS3 tasiRNA biogenesis and potential tasiARF target MpARF2 414 VI. Artificial miRNA and CRISPR-CAS9 edited MIR gene in Marchantia polymorpha 414 VII. Conclusions 415 Acknowledgements 415 References 415 SUMMARY: The liverwort Marchantia polymorpha occupies an important phylogenetic position for comparative studies of land plant gene regulation. Multiple gene regulatory pathways mediated by small RNAs, including microRNAs (miRNAs), trans-acting short-interfering RNAs, and heterochromatic siRNAs often associated with RNA-dependent DNA methylation, have been characterized in flowering plants. Genes for essential components for all of these small RNA-mediated gene silencing pathways are found in M. polymorpha as well as the moss Phsycomitrella patens, indicating that these pathways existed in the ancestral land plant. However, only seven miRNAs are conserved across land plants, with both ancestral and novel targets identified in M. polymorpha. There is little or no evidence that any of these conserved miRNAs are present in algae. As with other plants investigated, most miRNAs in M. polypmorpha exhibit lineage-specific evolution. Application of artificial miRNA and CRISPR-Cas9 technologies in genetic studies of M. polymorpha provide avenues to further investigate miRNA biology.
内容概述 409 I. 引言 409 II. 地钱中的 RNA 沉默机制 410 III. 整合组学方法预测 miRNA 410 IV. 地钱中的 miRNA 及其靶标 410 V. Mpo-miR390 介导的 MpTAS3 tasiRNA 生物发生和潜在的 tasiARF 靶标 MpARF2 414 VI. 人工 miRNA 和 CRISPR-Cas9 编辑地钱中的 MIR 基因 414 VII. 结论 415 致谢 415 参考文献 415 摘要：地钱 Marchantia polymorpha 在比较陆地植物基因调控方面具有重要的系统发育地位。包括 microRNA（miRNA）、反式作用短干扰 RNA 和异染色质 siRNA 在内的多种由小 RNA 介导的基因调控途径，以及通常与 RNA 依赖性 DNA 甲基化相关的基因调控途径，已在开花植物中得到了描述。地钱 M. polymorpha 和苔藓 Phsycomitrella patens 中存在所有这些小 RNA 介导的基因沉默途径的必需基因成分，这表明这些途径存在于陆地植物的祖先中。然而，在陆地植物中只有 7 个 miRNA 是保守的，在地钱中也鉴定到了保守和新的靶标。几乎没有证据表明这些保守的 miRNA 存在于藻类中。与其他研究的植物一样，地钱中的大多数 miRNA 表现出谱系特异性进化。在对地钱的遗传研究中应用人工 miRNA 和 CRISPR-Cas9 技术为进一步研究 miRNA 生物学提供了途径。
