Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa.
Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa.
Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins. 2019 Mar;11(1):310-316. doi: 10.1007/s12602-018-9437-4.
Vancomycin is often used to treat infections caused by β-lactam-resistant bacteria. However, methicillin-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) acquired resistance to vancomycin, rendering it less effective in the treatment of serious infections. In the search for novel antibiotics, alternative delivery mechanisms have also been explored. In this study, we report on the encapsulation of vancomycin in PLGA [poly(DL-lactide-co-glycolide)] nanoparticles by electrospraying. The nanoparticles were on average 247 nm in size with small bead formations on the surface. Clusters of various sizes were visible under the SEM (scanning electron microscope). Vancomycin encapsulated in PLGA (VNP) was more effective in inhibiting the growth of S. aureus Xen 31 (MRSA) and S. aureus Xen 36 than un-encapsulated vancomycin. Encapsulated vancomycin had a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 1 μg/mL against MRSA compared to 5 μg/mL of free vancomycin. At least 70% (w/w) of the vancomycin was encapsulated. Thirty percent of the vancomycin was released within the first 144 h, followed by slow release over 10 days. Vancomycin encapsulated in PLGA nanoparticles may be used to treat serious infections.
万古霉素常用于治疗β-内酰胺类耐药菌引起的感染。然而，耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）获得了对万古霉素的耐药性，使其在治疗严重感染方面效果降低。在寻找新型抗生素的过程中，也探索了替代的给药机制。在这项研究中，我们通过电喷射法报告了将万古霉素包封在 PLGA [聚（DL-乳酸-共-乙醇酸）]纳米粒子中的情况。纳米粒子的平均粒径为 247nm，表面有小珠形成。在 SEM（扫描电子显微镜）下可以看到各种大小的团簇。包封在 PLGA 中的万古霉素（VNP）比未包封的万古霉素更能有效抑制 Xen 31（MRSA）和 Xen 36 金黄色葡萄球菌的生长。与游离万古霉素的 5μg/mL 相比，MRSA 对包封的万古霉素的最小抑菌浓度（MIC）为 1μg/mL。至少 70%（w/w）的万古霉素被包封。30%的万古霉素在最初的 144 小时内释放，随后在 10 天内缓慢释放。包封在 PLGA 纳米粒子中的万古霉素可用于治疗严重感染。
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