Lee Ji-Yeon, Lee Dong-Yeop
Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Kyungnam, Korea.
Department of Physical Therapy, Sunmoon University, Asan, Chungnam, Korea.
Technol Health Care. 2018;26(4):593-603. doi: 10.3233/THC-181201.
Squat is the most important exercise for the strengthening of the lower limb muscles. The muscle contraction speed and type affect the muscle activation, strength, and power.
This study aimed to investigate the influence of two different speeds of squat exercise on the activation and balance of the lower limb muscles.
Thirty-eight healthy adults randomly performed squat exercises at different speeds and in different ground environments, 3 times per week for 4 weeks. The participants' lower limb muscle activation and balance ability were evaluated before and after the training.
There was a significant difference in muscle activation between the squats in terms of speed (fast, moderate, and slow squat) (p< 0.05). After the training periods, there was a significant difference in the rectus femoris (RF) and biceps femoris (BF) of the groups that performed the fast squat (p< 0.05). There was significant difference between the pre- and post-static balance test in the group that performed fast squats on an unstable surface (p< 0.05). After the training periods, the stability index with eyes open values, which is static balance, showed a significant difference among the groups after 4 weeks (p< 0.05). The groups that performed fast squat showed a significant difference between the pre- and post-dynamic Y balance test (p< 0.05).
For optimal performance and effect of selected squat exercises, the speed and ground environment should be taken into consideration.
深蹲是增强下肢肌肉最重要的运动。肌肉收缩速度和类型会影响肌肉激活、力量和功率。
本研究旨在探讨两种不同速度的深蹲运动对下肢肌肉激活和平衡的影响。
38名健康成年人随机在不同速度和不同地面环境下进行深蹲运动，每周3次，共4周。在训练前后评估参与者的下肢肌肉激活和平衡能力。
不同速度（快速、中等速度和慢速深蹲）的深蹲之间肌肉激活存在显著差异（p<0.05）。训练期后，进行快速深蹲的组在股直肌（RF）和股二头肌（BF）方面存在显著差异（p<0.05）。在不稳定表面上进行快速深蹲的组在静态平衡测试前后存在显著差异（p<0.05）。训练期后，作为静态平衡的睁眼稳定性指数在4周后组间存在显著差异（p<0.05）。进行快速深蹲的组在动态Y平衡测试前后存在显著差异（p<0.05）。
为了使所选深蹲运动达到最佳表现和效果，应考虑速度和地面环境。
