Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Strategic Communication Chair, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Nutrients. 2018 Aug 10;10(8):1062. doi: 10.3390/nu10081062.
Optimal diet quality and physical activity levels are essential for healthy ageing. This study evaluated the effects of a multi-component telemonitoring intervention on behavioural determinants of diet quality and physical activity in older adults, and assessed the mediating role of these determinants and two behaviour change techniques in the intervention's effects. A non-randomised controlled design was used including 214 participants (average age 80 years) who were allocated to the intervention or control group based on municipality. The six-month intervention consisted of self-measurements of nutritional outcomes and physical activity, education, and follow-up by a nurse. The control group received regular care. Measurements took place at baseline, after 4.5 months and at the end of the study. The intervention increased self-monitoring and improved knowledge and perceived behavioural control for physical activity. Increased self-monitoring mediated the intervention's effect on diet quality, fruit intake, and saturated fatty acids intake. Improved knowledge mediated the effect on protein intake. Concluding, this intervention led to improvements in behavioural determinants of diet quality and physical activity. The role of the hypothesised mediators was limited. Insight into these mechanisms of impact provides directions for future development of nutritional eHealth interventions for older adults, in which self-monitoring may be a promising behaviour change technique. More research is necessary into how behaviour change is established in telemonitoring interventions for older adults.
最佳饮食质量和身体活动水平对于健康老龄化至关重要。本研究评估了多组分远程监测干预对老年人饮食质量和身体活动行为决定因素的影响，并评估了这些决定因素和两种行为改变技术在干预效果中的中介作用。本研究采用非随机对照设计，纳入了 214 名参与者（平均年龄 80 岁），根据所在市分配至干预组或对照组。为期 6 个月的干预措施包括营养结果和身体活动的自我测量、教育以及护士随访。对照组接受常规护理。测量在基线、4.5 个月后和研究结束时进行。干预措施增加了自我监测，提高了对身体活动的知识和感知行为控制。自我监测的增加介导了干预对饮食质量、水果摄入和饱和脂肪酸摄入的影响。知识的提高介导了对蛋白质摄入的影响。综上所述，该干预措施改善了饮食质量和身体活动的行为决定因素。假设中介的作用有限。深入了解这些影响机制为针对老年人的营养电子健康干预措施的未来发展提供了方向，其中自我监测可能是一种有前途的行为改变技术。需要进一步研究远程监测干预措施如何在老年人中建立行为改变。
