Golimumab in inflammatory bowel diseases: present and future scenarios.

Golimumab is the third anti-TNF agent approved for the treatment of ulcerative colitis. Despite initial success demonstrated by PURSUIT trials, only few real-life studies have been published evaluating its efficacy and safety in clinical practice. Its subcutaneous route and monthly administration represent an advantage in patient compliance, respectively, vs infliximab (intravenous) and adalimumab (two doses per month). The most important weakness of the molecule which often leads clinicians to choose another anti-TNF is the impossibility to dose escalate or reduce the frequency of administrations in case of secondary failure; ongoing studies are trying to solve this problem by monitoring drug levels and the eventual presence of neutralizing anti-drug antibodies. No advantage has still been demonstrated for combination therapy of golimumab with immunosuppressants and further studies are necessary to evaluate this aspect. Preliminary data also report golimumab efficacy in Crohn's disease with higher doses than in ulcerative colitis with an acceptable safety profile. Additional studies are needed in this field to confirm the initial findings.