1 Minister of Health, Brasília, Brazil.
4 Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil.
J Hum Lact. 2019 May;35(2):362-370. doi: 10.1177/0890334418783715. Epub 2018 Sep 12.
Since the 1980s, Brazil has implemented several initiatives to support breastfeeding. Maternity leave, paid in full for 16 weeks, has been available since 1988. However, few studies in Brazil have analyzed the impacts of maternity leave on breastfeeding using population-based indicators.
The aim was to analyze the association between maternity leave and exclusive breastfeeding interruption in children younger than 4 months residing in the Federal District of Brazil, in 2008 and 2014.
Data from two surveys were used: the 2008 Second National Survey on Prevalence of Breastfeeding and the 2014 Monitoring of Infant Feeding Practices. The sample included 1,742 mothers with children younger than 4 months residing in the Federal District and using the Public Unified Health System. The main independent variable was the mother being on maternity leave and the outcome was interruption of exclusive breastfeeding. Multiple analyses were performed to test the association between maternity leave and the risk of interrupting exclusive breastfeeding, adjusting for socioeconomic, demographic, and biomedical characteristics.
In 2008 and 2014, the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding was 60% and 71.4% and prevalence of maternity leave was 27% and 41%, respectively. The lack of maternity leave was strongly associated with interruption of exclusive breastfeeding in 2008 (prevalence ratio [PR] = 1.78, 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.12, 2.82]) and in 2014 (PR = 3.95, 95% CI [1.88, 8.31]) after adjusting for confounding variables.
Not being on maternity leave was strongly associated with the interruption of exclusive breastfeeding among employed women residing in the Federal District.
自 20 世纪 80 年代以来，巴西实施了多项举措来支持母乳喂养。自 1988 年以来，产妇可享受为期 16 周、全额支付的产假。然而，巴西很少有研究使用基于人群的指标来分析产假对母乳喂养的影响。
本研究旨在分析 2008 年和 2014 年巴西联邦区 4 个月以下儿童的产假与纯母乳喂养中断之间的关联。
使用了两项调查的数据：2008 年第二次母乳喂养流行情况全国调查和 2014 年婴儿喂养方式监测。样本包括居住在巴西联邦区、使用公共统一卫生系统的 1742 名 4 个月以下儿童的母亲。主要的独立变量是母亲休产假，结果是纯母乳喂养中断。进行了多项分析来检验产假与中断纯母乳喂养风险之间的关联，调整了社会经济、人口统计学和生物医学特征。
2008 年和 2014 年，纯母乳喂养的流行率分别为 60%和 71.4%，休产假的流行率分别为 27%和 41%。2008 年（流行比 [PR] = 1.78，95%置信区间 [CI] [1.12，2.82]）和 2014 年（PR = 3.95，95% CI [1.88，8.31]），在调整混杂变量后，没有休产假与纯母乳喂养中断密切相关。
对于居住在巴西联邦区的就业妇女而言，没有休产假与纯母乳喂养中断密切相关。
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