Perspectives and Experiences of Primary Caregivers of Individuals with Schizophrenia in Thailand.

This study investigates primary caregiver perspectives on long-term experiences of caring for individuals with schizophrenia in Thailand. Study participants were 30 caregivers in the Bangkok Metropolitan Area (BMA). Data were collected by semi-structured qualitative interview and analyzed by thematic analysis. Participants defined psychotic symptoms as symptoms requiring prevention and good care, which caregivers must learn to live with. Caregivers were reported to have "acquired experience in controlling psychotic symptoms and recognizing frequency, timing, content, warning signs, and patient response." Schizophrenic patients experienced difficulty engaging in community activities and encountered teasing, stigma, and social isolation. These findings suggest that caregivers saw psychotic symptoms as necessarily leading to ongoing serious problems. The difficulty of dealing with such symptoms was aggravated by caregiver poverty, emotional condition, and advanced age. Innovations in psychiatric and mental health nursing intervention are needed, including psycho-educational community activities to confront the teasing, stigma, and social isolation of individuals with schizophrenia. Simulation applications on mobile phones and Internet are recommended.