State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
Tianjin Research Institute for Water Transport Engineering, Centre for Environmental Science and Technology, Tianjin 300456, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2018 Sep 27;15(10):2125. doi: 10.3390/ijerph15102125.
Speciation variation and comprehensive risk assessment of metal(loid)s (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn) were investigated in surface sediments from the intertidal zones of the Yellow River Delta, China. Results showed that only the concentrations of As, Cd and Pb were significantly different between April and September ( < 0.01). In April, the residual fraction (F4) was predominant for As, Cr, Cu, Ni and Zn. However, the exchangeable and carbonate-associated fraction (F1) was dominant for Cd averaging 49.14% indicating a high environmental risk. In September, the F4 fraction was predominant and the F1 fraction was very low for most metal(loid)s except Cd and Mn. The geo-accumulation index (), the F1 fraction and potential ecological risk index (PERI) of most metal(loid)s were relatively low in surface sediments for both seasons. But Pb, As and Ni were between the threshold effect level (TEL)and the probable effect level (PEL) for 66.67%, 83.33% and 91.67% in April and As and Ni were between TEL and PEL for 41.67% and 91.67%, which indicated that the concentration of them was likely to occasionally exhibit adverse effects on the ecosystem. Although the , the F1 fraction or PERI of Cd in both seasons was higher at some sites, the results of sediment quality guidelines (SQGs) indicated that the biological effects of Cd were rarely observed in the studied area.
本研究调查了黄河三角洲潮间带表层沉积物中金属（砷、镉、铬、铜、锰、镍、铅和锌）的分异变化和综合风险评估。结果表明，只有砷、镉和铅的浓度在 4 月和 9 月之间存在显著差异（<0.01）。4 月时，残渣态（F4）是砷、铬、铜、镍和锌的主要存在形态。然而，可交换态和碳酸盐结合态（F1）是镉的主要存在形态，平均占 49.14%，表明存在较高的环境风险。9 月时，除镉和锰外，大部分金属（砷、镉、铬、铜、镍和锌）以 F4 为主，F1 为辅。在两个季节中，大部分金属（砷、镉、铬、铜、镍、铅和锌）的地质累积指数（）、F1 分馏和潜在生态风险指数（PERI）都相对较低。然而，在 4 月时，铅、砷和镍的浓度分别有 66.67%、83.33%和 91.67%处于阈效应水平（TEL）和潜在效应水平（PEL）之间，而砷和镍的浓度分别有 41.67%和 91.67%处于 TEL 和 PEL 之间，这表明它们的浓度偶尔可能对生态系统产生不利影响。尽管在两个季节中，F1 分馏或 PERI 对镉的评估结果在某些地点较高，但沉积物质量基准（SQGs）的结果表明，在研究区域中很少观察到镉的生物效应。
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