Li Yu, Luo Zhehui, Holzman Claudia, Liu Hui, Margerison Claire E
Department of Epidemiology, Brown University, USA.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University, USA.
AIMS Public Health. 2018 Aug 16;5(3):312-323. doi: 10.3934/publichealth.2018.3.312. eCollection 2018.
Investigate adverse birth outcomes in the United States (US) from 1989-2013 in relation to paternal and maternal race/ethnicity.
We used US natality data for singleton births to women 15-44 with information on birthweight, gestational age, and covariates (n = 90,771,339). We calculated unadjusted and adjusted probabilities of preterm birth (PTB, < 37 weeks gestation) and small for gestational age (SGA, < 10 percentile) among all combinations of maternal and paternal race/ethnicity: non-Hispanic black (NHB), non-Hispanic white (NHW), Hispanic, and Asian, and where paternal race/ethnicity was missing.
Missing, followed by NHB, paternal race/ethnicity had the two highest risks of PTB within each maternal racial/ethnic group. Asian, followed by NHW, paternal race/ethnicity had the two lowest risks of PTB. For SGA, however, Asian, followed by missing, paternal race/ethnicity had the two highest risks, and NHW race/ethnicity had the lowest risk. Our findings also demonstrate effect modification on the additive scale, with missing and NHB paternal race/ethnicity conferring a larger increase in risk of PTB for NHB women compared to women of other race/ethnicity groups.
These data confirm US disparities in adverse birth outcomes by maternal and paternal race/ethnicity and argue for increased resources and interventions in response.
调查1989年至2013年美国与父亲和母亲种族/族裔相关的不良出生结局。
我们使用了美国单胎出生的出生数据，对象为年龄在15至44岁的女性，数据包含出生体重、孕周及协变量信息（n = 90,771,339）。我们计算了母亲和父亲种族/族裔所有组合（非西班牙裔黑人（NHB）、非西班牙裔白人（NHW）、西班牙裔和亚裔）以及父亲种族/族裔缺失情况下早产（PTB，孕周<37周）和小于胎龄儿（SGA，<第10百分位数）的未调整和调整概率。
在每个母亲种族/族裔组中，父亲种族/族裔缺失以及非西班牙裔黑人的早产风险最高。父亲种族/族裔为亚裔以及非西班牙裔白人的早产风险最低。然而，对于小于胎龄儿，父亲种族/族裔为亚裔以及缺失的风险最高，非西班牙裔白人种族/族裔的风险最低。我们的研究结果还表明存在相加尺度上的效应修正，与其他种族/族裔组的女性相比，父亲种族/族裔缺失和非西班牙裔黑人的非西班牙裔黑人女性早产风险增加幅度更大。
这些数据证实了美国在不良出生结局方面因母亲和父亲种族/族裔存在差异，并主张增加资源和干预措施以应对。
