Gene Discovery Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Tsukuba, Japan.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2018;1081:189-214. doi: 10.1007/978-981-13-1244-1_11.
Plant responses to drought stress have been analyzed extensively to reveal complex regulatory gene networks, including the detection of water deficit signals, as well as the physiological, cellular, and molecular responses. Plants recognize water deficit conditions at their roots and transmit this signal to their shoots to synthesize abscisic acid (ABA) in their leaves. ABA is a key phytohormone that regulates physiological and molecular responses to drought stress, such as stomatal closure, gene expression, and the accumulation of osmoprotectants and stress proteins. ABA transporters function as the first step for propagating synthesized ABA. To prevent water loss, ABA influx in guard cells is detected by several protein kinases, such as SnRK2s and MAPKs that regulate stomatal closure. ABA mediates a wide variety of gene expression machineries with stress-responsive transcription factors, including DREBs and AREBs, to acquire drought stress resistance in whole tissues. In this chapter, we summarize recent advances in drought stress signaling, focusing on gene networks in cellular and intercellular stress responses and drought resistance.
植物对干旱胁迫的响应已被广泛分析,以揭示复杂的调节基因网络,包括对水分亏缺信号的检测,以及生理、细胞和分子响应。植物在根部感知水分亏缺条件,并将信号传递到地上部分,在叶片中合成脱落酸(ABA)。ABA 是一种关键的植物激素,调节植物对干旱胁迫的生理和分子响应,如气孔关闭、基因表达以及渗透保护物质和应激蛋白的积累。ABA 转运蛋白作为传播合成的 ABA 的第一步发挥作用。为了防止水分流失,几种蛋白激酶(如 SnRK2 和 MAPKs)检测保卫细胞中 ABA 的流入,这些激酶调节气孔关闭。ABA 通过与应激反应转录因子(如 DREBs 和 AREBs)介导广泛的基因表达机制,在整个组织中获得抗旱性。在本章中,我们总结了干旱胁迫信号转导的最新进展,重点关注细胞内和细胞间应激响应以及抗旱性的基因网络。