Gabriel Daniel B K, Freels Timothy G, Setlow Barry, Simon Nicholas W
Department of Psychology, University of Memphis, 400 Innovation Drive, Memphis, TN, 38112, USA.
Department of Psychiatry, University of Florida College of Medicine, PO Box 100256, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.
Behav Brain Res. 2019 Feb 1;359:579-588. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2018.10.008. Epub 2018 Oct 5.
Excessive risk-taking is common in multiple psychiatric conditions, including substance use disorders. The risky decision-making task (RDT) models addiction-relevant risk-taking in rats by measuring preference for a small food reward vs. a large food reward associated with systematically increasing risk of shock. Here, we examined the relationship between risk-taking in the RDT and multiple addiction-relevant phenotypes. Risk-taking was associated with elevated impulsive action, but not impulsive choice or habit formation. Furthermore, risk-taking predicted locomotor sensitivity to first-time nicotine exposure and resilience to nicotine-evoked anxiety. These data demonstrate that risk preference in the RDT predicts other traits associated with substance use disorder, and may have utility for identification of neurobiological and genetic biomarkers that engender addiction vulnerability.
过度冒险在多种精神疾病中很常见，包括物质使用障碍。风险决策任务（RDT）通过测量大鼠对小食物奖励与大食物奖励的偏好来模拟与成瘾相关的冒险行为，其中大食物奖励伴随着系统性增加的电击风险。在此，我们研究了RDT中的冒险行为与多种成瘾相关表型之间的关系。冒险行为与冲动行为增加有关，但与冲动选择或习惯形成无关。此外，冒险行为预测了对首次尼古丁暴露的运动敏感性以及对尼古丁诱发焦虑的恢复力。这些数据表明，RDT中的风险偏好可预测与物质使用障碍相关的其他特征，并且可能有助于识别导致成瘾易感性的神经生物学和遗传生物标志物。
