亥姆霍兹对歌德《颜色论》的批判：并非一目了然。

Helmholtz's critique of Goethe's Theory of Color: more than meets the eye.

机构信息

Departments of Pathology and Cell Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA.

Departments of Pathology and Cell Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA.

出版信息

Surv Ophthalmol. 2019 Mar-Apr;64(2):241-247. doi: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2018.10.004. Epub 2018 Oct 12.

DOI:10.1016/j.survophthal.2018.10.004

PMID:30321568

Abstract

After arriving at the University of Königsberg in 1849, Hermann von Helmholtz started investigating the trichromatic hypothesis of color perception proposed by Thomas Young. Four years later in 1853, he was invited to lecture to the German Society and used the opportunity to criticize harshly Johann Goethe's Theory of Color published in 1810. Offending a revered member of the German society was an odd method of introducing the study of color to a learned audience, but the content and tone of the lecture suggested Helmholtz was more concerned about dispelling misconceptions of experimental science than in imparting knowledge on the nature of color. By 1860, Helmholtz's color-mixing experiments provided further evidence for the trichromatic hypothesis. Goethe's ideas about color resonated intuitively with generations of artists, but the imperviousness of his theory to experimental testing set it apart from the arena of science.

摘要

1849 年到达哥尼斯堡大学后，赫尔曼·冯·赫尔姆霍茨开始研究托马斯·杨提出的三色视觉假说。四年后的 1853 年，他受邀在德国学会演讲，并借此机会严厉批评了 1810 年出版的约翰内斯·歌德的《色彩论》。冒犯德国学会一位受人尊敬的成员，对于向有学问的听众介绍色彩研究来说，是一种奇怪的方法，但演讲的内容和语气表明，赫尔姆霍茨更关心的是消除对实验科学的误解，而不是传授有关颜色本质的知识。到 1860 年，赫尔姆霍茨的混色实验进一步为三色假说提供了证据。歌德关于色彩的观点与几代艺术家的直觉产生了共鸣，但他的理论对实验测试的不敏感性使其与科学领域截然不同。