Adelphi University, USA.
Nurs Ethics. 2019 Nov-Dec;26(7-8):2398-2412. doi: 10.1177/0969733018792738. Epub 2018 Oct 18.
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Research from other disciplines demonstrates that ethical position, idealism, or relativism predicts ethical decision-making. Individuals from diverse cultures ascribe to various religious beliefs and studies have found that religiosity and culture affect ethical decision-making. Moreover, little literature exists regarding undergraduate nursing students' ethical position; no studies have been conducted in the United States on students' ethical position, their self-identified culture, and intrinsic religiosity despite an increase in the diversity of nursing students across the United States.
The study's two aims were to determine the relationship of self-identified culture, religiosity, and ethics position of undergraduate nursing student and whether students' level of education and past ethics courses taken related to idealism. Two hundred and twelve volunteer undergraduate students participated.
A descriptive cross-sectional study was designed for participants who completed the Ethical Position Questionnaire, The intrinsic subscale of the Religious Orientation Scale, and a Demographic, Cultural, Ethnicity Form. To test the five hypotheses, analyses included t-tests, correlations, and ANOVA.
The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board at Adelphi University.
Idealism and intrinsic religiosity were significantly related. Differences were observed for intrinsic religiosity and idealism for cultural identity and cultural dimensions such as parents' place of birth, and if participants were US born. Students' level of education or participation in past courses on ethics did not influence idealism.
The study's findings were similar to most of the research from other disciplines on culture, ethics position, and religiosity. Generic courses on ethics taken prior to clinical work may not assist nursing students in integrating principles into complex ethical dilemmas. Self-identified culture, religion, and intrinsic religiosity related to ethics position; completing ethics courses and level of education, juniors compared with seniors, did not influence idealism. Faculty should consider integrating students' culture, religious orientation, and ethics position into teaching ethics for all levels of nursing education.
背景/目的：来自其他学科的研究表明，道德立场、理想主义或相对主义可以预测道德决策。来自不同文化的个体信奉不同的宗教信仰，研究发现宗教信仰和文化会影响道德决策。此外，关于本科护理学生的道德立场的文献很少；尽管美国的护理学生的多样性有所增加，但在美国，没有关于学生的道德立场、自我认同的文化和内在宗教信仰的研究，尽管有关理想主义的研究有所增加。
参与者和研究背景/目的：该研究的两个目的是确定本科护理学生的自我认同文化、宗教信仰和道德立场之间的关系，以及学生的教育水平和过去修过的伦理课程是否与理想主义有关。212 名志愿者本科护理学生参加了研究。
为完成《道德立场问卷》、《宗教取向量表》的内在量表和《人口、文化、种族表》的参与者设计了描述性横断面研究。为了检验五个假设，分析包括 t 检验、相关分析和方差分析。
该研究已获得阿德菲大学机构审查委员会的批准。
理想主义和内在宗教信仰呈显著相关。在文化认同和文化维度方面，如父母的出生地以及参与者是否是美国出生，内在宗教信仰和理想主义存在差异。学生的教育水平或参与过去的伦理课程与否并不影响理想主义。
该研究的结果与其他学科关于文化、道德立场和宗教信仰的大多数研究相似。在临床工作之前，关于伦理的通识课程可能无法帮助护理学生将原则融入到复杂的伦理困境中。自我认同的文化、宗教信仰和内在宗教信仰与道德立场有关；完成伦理课程和教育水平，与高年级学生相比，低年级学生的理想主义没有影响。教师应考虑将学生的文化、宗教取向和道德立场纳入各级护理教育的伦理教学中。
