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面部表情以及从眼睛或嘴巴识别情绪的能力:老年人、年轻人和儿童之间的比较。

Facial expressions and the ability to recognize emotions from the eyes or mouth: A comparison among old adults, young adults, and children.

作者信息

Guarnera Maria, Magnano Paola, Pellerone Monica, Cascio Maura I, Squatrito Valeria, Buccheri Stefania L

机构信息

a Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, Università degli Studi di Enna Kore , Enna , Italy.

出版信息

J Genet Psychol. 2018 Sep-Oct;179(5):297-310. doi: 10.1080/00221325.2018.1509200. Epub 2018 Oct 22.

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to contribute to the literature on the ability to recognize anger, happiness, fear, surprise, sadness, disgust, and neutral emotions from facial information (whole face, eye region, mouth region). More specifically, the aim was to investigate older adults' performance in emotions recognition using the same tool used in the previous studies on children and adults' performance and verify if the pattern of emotions recognition show differences compared with the other two groups. Results showed that happiness is among the easiest emotions to recognize while the disgust is always among the most difficult emotions to recognize for older adults. The findings seem to indicate that is more easily recognizing emotions when pictures represent the whole face; compared with the specific region (eye and mouth regions), older participants seems to recognize more easily emotions when the mouth region is presented. In general, the results of the study did not detect a decay in the ability to recognize emotions from the face, eyes, or mouth. The performance of the old adults is statistically worse than the other two groups in only a few cases: in anger and disgust recognition from the whole face; in anger recognition from the eye region; and in disgust, fear, and neutral emotion recognition from mouth region.

摘要

本研究的目的是为有关从面部信息(全脸、眼部区域、嘴部区域)识别愤怒、快乐、恐惧、惊讶、悲伤、厌恶和中性情绪能力的文献做出贡献。更具体地说,目的是使用先前关于儿童和成人表现的研究所使用的相同工具,调查老年人在情绪识别方面的表现,并验证情绪识别模式与其他两组相比是否存在差异。结果表明,快乐是老年人最容易识别的情绪之一,而厌恶则始终是最难识别的情绪之一。研究结果似乎表明,当图片呈现全脸时,识别情绪更容易;与特定区域(眼睛和嘴部区域)相比,当呈现嘴部区域时,老年参与者似乎更容易识别情绪。总体而言,该研究结果未发现从面部、眼睛或嘴部识别情绪的能力有所衰退。仅在少数情况下,老年人的表现在统计学上比其他两组差:从全脸识别愤怒和厌恶;从眼部区域识别愤怒;以及从嘴部区域识别厌恶、恐惧和中性情绪。

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