Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Environnements Continentaux, LIEC UMR 7360, Bât P7, Université de Lorraine, Campus Bridoux, 8, rue du Général Delestraint, 57070, Metz, France.
Laboratoire d'Hydrologie de Nancy, Agence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire Alimentation - Environnement - Travail, 40 rue Lionnois, 54000, Nancy, France.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2018 Dec;25(36):36207-36222. doi: 10.1007/s11356-018-3489-6. Epub 2018 Oct 26.
Rare earth element (REE) concentrations were determined for 22 sites sampled during two water periods: high flow in winter and low flow in summer. Shale-normalized REE patterns of all samples displayed positive gadolinium (Gd) anomalies. They revealed a widespread contamination of anthropogenic Gd (Gd) from waste water treatment plant (WWTP) outputs to catchment areas used for drinking water. No significant variations in Gd were observed between the two flow water periods, but differences in the Gd anomalies were present. However, these differences seem to be associated rather with seasonal variations in the river flow rate than with the release of Gd from WWTPs. In proximity to WWTP discharges, strong Gd variations ranged from few nanograms per litre to more than 80 μg L and rarely showed a repetitive pattern day after day during 14 days. These concentrations were diluted into the river stream and measured around 10 ng L close to the catchment areas used for drinking water. A principal component analysis (PCA) using the Gd concentrations and some classical physicochemical parameters (pH, water temperature, total alkalinity (TA), total organic carbon (TOC), biochemical and chemical oxygen demand (BOD and COD), Cl, NO and SO) allowed a site separation according to the level of Gd contamination, highlighting that the highest Gd concentrations were found in the north of the region Lorraine (France) where the population density is high and most of the MRI examinations are performed.
对在两个水期（冬季高流量和夏季低流量）采集的 22 个地点进行了稀土元素（REE）浓度测定。所有样品的页岩归一化 REE 模式均显示出正的钆（Gd）异常。它们揭示了来自废水处理厂（WWTP）出水的人为 Gd（Gd）广泛污染到用于饮用水的集水区。在两个水流期之间没有观察到 Gd 显著变化，但存在 Gd 异常的差异。然而，这些差异似乎与河流流量的季节性变化而不是 WWTP 释放 Gd 有关。在 WWTP 排放口附近，Gd 的强烈变化范围从几纳克/升至 80μg/L 以上，并且在 14 天内很少每天显示出重复模式。这些浓度被稀释到河流中，并在靠近用于饮用水的集水区处测量到约 10ng/L。使用 Gd 浓度和一些经典物理化学参数（pH 值、水温、总碱度（TA）、总有机碳（TOC）、生化需氧量和化学需氧量（BOD 和 COD）、Cl、NO 和 SO）进行的主成分分析（PCA）允许根据 Gd 污染水平进行站点分离，突出显示在人口密度高且大多数 MRI 检查在此进行的法国洛林地区北部发现了最高的 Gd 浓度。
