Yamanaka Hayate, Murata Kako, Tabata Risa, Kawaguchi Fuki, Sasazaki Shinji, Yamamoto Yoshio, Bakhtin Meirat, Kazymbet Polat, Meldevekob Alykhan, Suleimenov Maratbek Z, Nishibori Masahide, Mannen Hideyuki
Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan.
Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan.
Anim Sci J. 2019 Jan;90(1):29-34. doi: 10.1111/asj.13128. Epub 2018 Oct 25.
Kazakhstan is the largest landlocked country and contains two important propagation routes for livestock from the Fertile Crescent to Asia. Therefore, genetic information about Kazakhstani cattle can be important for understanding the propagation history and the genetic admixture in Central Asian cattle. In the present study, we analyzed the complete mtDNA D-loop sequence and SRY gene polymorphism in 122 Kazakhstani native cattle. The D-loop sequences revealed 79 mitochondrial haplotypes, with the major haplogroups T and I. The Bos taurus subhaplogroups consisted of T (3.3%), T1 (2.5%), T2 (2.5%), and T4 (0.8%) in addition to the predominant subhaplogroup T3 (86.9%), and the Bos indicus subhaplogroup of I1 (4.1%). Subsequently, we investigated the paternal lineages of Bos taurus and Bos indicus, however, all Kazakhstani cattle were shown to have Y chromosome of Bos taurus origin. While highly divergent mtDNA subhaplogroups in Kazakhstani cattle could be due to the geographical proximity of Kazakhstan with the domestication center of the Fertile Crescent, the absence of Bos indicus Y chromosomes could be explained by a decoupling of the introgression dynamics of maternal and paternal lineages. This genetic information would contribute to understanding the genetic diversity and propagation history of cattle in Central Asia.
哈萨克斯坦是世界上最大的内陆国家，拥有两条从新月沃地到亚洲的重要家畜传播路线。因此，哈萨克斯坦牛的遗传信息对于了解中亚牛的传播历史和基因混合情况具有重要意义。在本研究中，我们分析了122头哈萨克斯坦本地牛的完整线粒体D-loop序列和SRY基因多态性。D-loop序列显示出79种线粒体单倍型，主要单倍群为T和I。除了占主导地位的T3亚单倍群（86.9%）外，普通牛亚单倍群还包括T（3.3%）、T1（2.5%）、T2（2.5%）和T4（0.8%），瘤牛亚单倍群为I1（4.1%）。随后，我们研究了普通牛和瘤牛的父系谱系，然而，所有哈萨克斯坦牛均显示具有普通牛起源的Y染色体。虽然哈萨克斯坦牛线粒体亚单倍群的高度分化可能是由于哈萨克斯坦与新月沃地驯化中心地理位置接近，但瘤牛Y染色体的缺失可以通过母系和父系谱系渗入动态的解耦来解释。这些遗传信息将有助于了解中亚牛的遗传多样性和传播历史。
