Yun Myeong-Ja, Kim Young-Ki, Kang Dong-Mug, Kim Jong-Eun, Ha Won-Choon, Jung Kap-Yeol, Choi Hyun-Woo
Department of Preventive and Occupational Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea.
Department of Occupational & Environmental Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea.
Saf Health Work. 2018 Mar;9(1):79-83. doi: 10.1016/j.shaw.2017.08.005. Epub 2017 Aug 24.
Lower-limb varicose veins (VVs) are common and known to have a higher prevalence among people who work in occupations requiring prolonged standing. In the Republic of Korea, however, VV-related occupational factors have seldom been examined. This study was conducted to assess the prevalence of VVs among nurses, an occupational group considered to be at high risk of VVs, and determine the occupational risk factors of prolonged standing.
Between March and August 2014, a questionnaire survey coupled with Doppler ultrasonography was conducted on the nurses working at a university hospital.
A total of 414 nurses participated in the survey and diagnostic testing. From the survey analysis and test results, the prevalence of VVs in nurses was estimated to be 16.18%. Significant factors for venous reflux were age [odds ratio (OR) = 1.06, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.03-1.10], pregnancy (OR = 2.15, 95% CI = 1.17-3.94), and delivery (OR = 2.02, 95% CI = 1.08-3.78). The statistical significance of these factors was verified after risk adjustment for sociodemographic factors (OR = 3.40, 95% CI = 1.27-9.09).
Factors significantly associated with venous reflux were increasing age and prolonged working hours (≥ 4 hours) in a standing position (OR = 2.80, 95% CI = 1.08-7.25), even after risk adjustment for sociodemographic factors. This study is significant in that an objective diagnosis of VVs preceded the analysis of the risk factors for VV incidence, thus verifying objectively that VVs are associated with occupations requiring prolonged hours of working in a standing position.
下肢静脉曲张（VV）很常见，并且已知在需要长时间站立的职业人群中患病率较高。然而，在大韩民国，与VV相关的职业因素很少被研究。本研究旨在评估护士（一个被认为患VV风险较高的职业群体）中VV的患病率，并确定长时间站立的职业风险因素。
2014年3月至8月，对一家大学医院的护士进行了问卷调查和多普勒超声检查。
共有414名护士参与了调查和诊断测试。根据调查分析和测试结果，护士中VV的患病率估计为16.18%。静脉反流的显著因素包括年龄[比值比（OR）=1.06，95%置信区间（CI）=1.03 - 1.10]、怀孕（OR = 2.15，95% CI = 1.17 - 3.94）和分娩（OR = 2.02，95% CI = 1.08 - 3.78）。在对社会人口统计学因素进行风险调整后，这些因素的统计学意义得到了验证（OR = 3.40，95% CI = 1.27 - 9.09）。
即使在对社会人口统计学因素进行风险调整后，与静脉反流显著相关的因素仍是年龄增长和长时间（≥4小时）站立工作（OR = 2.80，95% CI = 1.08 - 7.25）。本研究的意义在于，在分析VV发病的风险因素之前对VV进行了客观诊断，从而客观地验证了VV与需要长时间站立工作的职业有关。
