Corvol Jean-Christophe, Poewe Werner
Sorbonne Universités UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR_S1127 ICM Paris France.
INSERM UMR_S1127 and CIC-1422 ICM Paris France.
Mov Disord Clin Pract. 2016 Nov 1;4(2):173-180. doi: 10.1002/mdc3.12444. eCollection 2017 Mar-Apr.
Pharmacogenetics aims to identify the genetic factors participating in the heterogeneity of drug response. The ultimate goal is to provide personalized treatment by identifying responders and non-responders, individuals at risk of developing drug adverse effects, and by adjusting dosage. Several studies have been performed in Parkinson's disease (PD), to investigate drug response variability according to genetic factors for dopamine replacement therapies.
We performed a systematic literature search of articles related to pharmacogenetic studies in PD, and found 47 studies.
Motor response and adverse reactions to dopaminergic drugs were associated with genes encoding enzymes of their metabolism as well as their receptors or targets. Despite some interesting results, considerable work remains to be done to replicate and validate their clinical relevance before translation into clinical practice.
There are currently no guidelines published for pharmacogenetic factors related to PD drugs. More research is need in this field in order to improve our knowledge in drug response variability in PD. Algorithms taking into account clinical, pharmacological, and genetic factors are probably the most promising way to help for a personalized medicine in PD.
药物遗传学旨在识别参与药物反应异质性的遗传因素。其最终目标是通过识别反应者和无反应者、有发生药物不良反应风险的个体以及调整剂量来提供个性化治疗。针对帕金森病（PD）已开展了多项研究，以根据多巴胺替代疗法的遗传因素来研究药物反应变异性。
我们对与PD药物遗传学研究相关的文章进行了系统的文献检索，共找到47项研究。
对多巴胺能药物的运动反应和不良反应与编码其代谢酶以及其受体或靶点的基因相关。尽管有一些有趣的结果，但在转化为临床实践之前，仍有大量工作要做，以重复和验证其临床相关性。
目前尚无关于PD药物相关药物遗传学因素的指南发布。该领域需要更多研究，以增进我们对PD药物反应变异性的了解。考虑临床、药理和遗传因素的算法可能是助力PD个性化医疗最具前景的方法。
