Smith Matthew, Seth Jai, Batla Amit, Hofereiter Johann, Bhatia Kailash P, Panicker Jalesh N
Department of Uro-Neurology The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery and UCL Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom.
Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders UCL Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom.
Mov Disord Clin Pract. 2015 Dec 24;3(2):168-172. doi: 10.1002/mdc3.12279. eCollection 2016 Mar-Apr.
Waking up from sleep more than once to pass urine, known as nocturia, is an important nonmotor symptom in Parkinson's disease (PD). Very little is known about the cause for nocturia. The aim of this work was to evaluate lower urinary tract (LUT) symptoms in patients with PD reporting nocturia using standardized validated questionnaires and bladder diaries and to assess the impact of nocturia on quality of life and sleep.
Twenty-three consecutive patients with PD (17 males, 6 females; mean age: 68.5 years; range, 50-85) referred to a specialist uro-neurology clinic reporting nocturia according to the International Continence Society definition were included. Patients measured their daily fluid intake, urinary output per void, and recorded these with the timing of voids on a 3-day bladder diary. Standardized questionnaires were used to assess LUT symptoms (Urinary Symptom Profile, International Prostate Symptom Score, and Qualiveen Short Form) and sleep quality (Parkinson's Disease Sleep Scale).
Mean duration of PD was 10.1 years, and mean severity on H & Y scale was 3.0 (range, 1.0-5.0). Median duration of LUT symptoms was 6.0 years. Mean night-time urinary frequency was 3.5 (range, 1.0-7.3), and mean nocturnal maximum voided volume was 242 mL. Mean Nocturnal Polyuria Index (NPi) was 0.4 (range, 0.13-0.75), and 13 patients (56.5%) had nocturnal polyuria (NPi > 0.33). Patients with nocturnal polyuria reported more-severe LUT symptoms that impacted quality of life and sleep.
In this preliminary study, nocturnal polyuria seems to be common in patients with PD reporting nocturia and appears to affect quality of life and sleep, though this was not statistically significant. The bladder diary is an essential tool in the assessment of nocturia in patients with PD.
夜间排尿不止一次，即夜尿症，是帕金森病（PD）的一种重要非运动症状。关于夜尿症的病因知之甚少。这项研究的目的是使用标准化的有效问卷和膀胱日记评估报告有夜尿症的PD患者的下尿路（LUT）症状，并评估夜尿症对生活质量和睡眠的影响。
纳入23例连续转诊至专科泌尿神经科门诊的PD患者（17例男性，6例女性；平均年龄：68.5岁；范围50 - 85岁），这些患者根据国际尿失禁学会的定义报告有夜尿症。患者测量每日液体摄入量、每次排尿量，并在3天的膀胱日记中记录排尿时间。使用标准化问卷评估LUT症状（尿路症状概况、国际前列腺症状评分和Qualiveen简表）和睡眠质量（帕金森病睡眠量表）。
PD的平均病程为10.1年，H&Y量表的平均严重程度为3.0（范围1.0 - 5.0）。LUT症状的中位病程为6.0年。平均夜间排尿频率为3.5（范围1.0 - 7.3），平均夜间最大排尿量为242 mL。平均夜间多尿指数（NPi）为0.4（范围0.13 - 0.75），13例患者（56.5%）有夜间多尿（NPi>0.33）。夜间多尿的患者报告有更严重的LUT症状，这些症状影响生活质量和睡眠。
在这项初步研究中，夜间多尿在报告有夜尿症的PD患者中似乎很常见，并且似乎会影响生活质量和睡眠，尽管这在统计学上不显著。膀胱日记是评估PD患者夜尿症的重要工具。
