Departamento de Ciencia de los Alimentos y Tecnología Química, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santos Dumont 964, Santiago, Chile.
Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Sergio Livingstone 1007, Santiago, Chile.
Ultrason Sonochem. 2019 Mar;51:186-196. doi: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2018.10.026. Epub 2018 Oct 24.
Quinoa proteins (QP) have promise as a potential source of novel food ingredients, and it is of great interest to know how high-intensity ultrasound (HIUS) treatments affect the properties of QP. This work aimed to study the impact of on-off time-pulses of HIUS treatments on the structural and physicochemical properties of QP; samples were treated at 5, 10, 20, and 30 min with on-off pulses of 10 s/10 s, 5 s/1 s, and 1 s/5 s). Structural changes were evaluated using PAGE-SDS, circular dichroism, fluorescence spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry. Meanwhile, physicochemical properties were also examined, including solubility, Z-average, polydispersity index PDI, and Z-potential. PAGE-SDS showed the appearance of polypeptides over 190 kDa in HIUS samples-treated. All samples presented 15.6% α-helices, 31.3% β-sheets, 21.8% β-rotations, and 31.4% random coils independent of the HIUS treatment. β-Turn structures and "random coils" were not affected by HIUS. When US 10 s/10 s and 1 s/5 s were applied, an increase in the % α-helix and a decrease in β-fold were observed, which could indicate a small conversion of β-folds to α-helices. Fluorescence spectra for all HIUS showed a significant increase (23%) of average fluorescence intensity and a decrease of λmax in relation to that of the control (346 dnm and 340 nm average HIUS treatment). DSC showed one endotherm in all cases (81.6-99.8 °C), and an increase in Td was observed due to the effect of the HIUS treatment. HIUS caused a 48% increase in solubility. The Z-average of the HIUS samples compared to that of the controls showed an increase from 37.8 to 47.3 nm. PDI and Z-potential values from the QP controls and the HIUS samples did not show significance differences and presented average values of 0.466 ± 0.021 (PDI) and -16.63 ± 0.89 (Z-potential). It is possible to conclude that HIUS treatments affect the secondary and tertiary structure of quinoa proteins, and these changes resulted in an increase of solubility and particle size. HIUS treatment as a new and promising technology that can improve the QP solubility properties and in that way allow its use as an ingredient with a good source of protein to develop different types of beverages/protein sauces.
藜麦蛋白(QP)有望成为新型食品成分的潜在来源,因此了解高强度超声(HIUS)处理如何影响 QP 的性质非常重要。本研究旨在研究 HIUS 处理的开-关时间脉冲对 QP 结构和理化性质的影响;样品分别用开-关脉冲 10s/10s、5s/1s 和 1s/5s 处理 5、10、20 和 30min。使用 PAGE-SDS、圆二色性、荧光光谱和差示扫描量热法评估结构变化。同时,还检查了理化性质,包括溶解度、Z 均粒径、多分散指数 PDI 和 Z 电位。PAGE-SDS 显示 HIUS 处理后的样品中出现了 190kDa 以上的多肽。所有样品的α-螺旋为 15.6%,β-折叠为 31.3%,β-转角为 21.8%,无规卷曲为 31.4%,与 HIUS 处理无关。β-转角结构和“无规卷曲”不受 HIUS 影响。当应用 US 10s/10s 和 1s/5s 时,观察到%α-螺旋增加和β-折叠减少,这可能表明β-折叠向α-螺旋的小转化。所有 HIUS 的荧光光谱均显示平均荧光强度显著增加(23%),λmax 降低,与对照相比(346dnm 和 340nm 平均 HIUS 处理)。DSC 显示所有情况下均有一个吸热峰(81.6-99.8°C),由于 HIUS 处理的影响,Td 增加。HIUS 导致溶解度增加 48%。与对照相比,HIUS 样品的 Z 均粒径从 37.8nm 增加到 47.3nm。QP 对照和 HIUS 样品的 PDI 和 Z 电位值没有显著性差异,平均值分别为 0.466±0.021(PDI)和-16.63±0.89(Z 电位)。可以得出结论,HIUS 处理影响藜麦蛋白的二级和三级结构,这些变化导致溶解度和粒径增加。HIUS 处理作为一种新的有前途的技术,可以改善 QP 的溶解度性质,从而允许其用作具有良好蛋白质来源的成分,以开发不同类型的饮料/蛋白质酱。