Yin J Y, Zhang W, Yang D J, Li L, Dong X C
Department of Infectious Disease, Tianjin Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin 300011, China.
Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2018 Oct 6;52(10):1045-1049. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-9624.2018.10.015.
To investigate the etiological characteristics of pyogenes that caused scarlet fever from 2012 to 2016 in Tianjin. The subjects were children diagnosed clinically as scarlet fever in Tianjin scarlet fever monitoring hospital from 2012 to 2016. The exclusion criteria were children with scarlet fever who were unable to cooperate with sampling. A total of 575 cases of children's swabs were collected. Biochemical methods were used to isolate and identify the bacteria of pharynx swab, and the PCR method was used to detect the genotyping and superantigen and , and the resistance of the strains to 10 antibiotics was measured by K-B paper method. We compared the carrying status of superantigen genes by different types of GAS and the resistance of all GAS to different antibiotics. There were 5 types (1/11/12/22/89). The dominant types were 12 (52.9%, 100 strains) and 1 (44.4%, 84 strains). The carrying rates of and genes were 21.7% (41 strains) and 76.7% (145 strains), respectively. The gene carrying rate of 1 type GAS was 33.3% (28 strains), which were higher than that of 12 (12% (12 strains)) (χ(2)=12.21, 0.001). The and gene simultaneous carrying rate of 1 type GAS was 27.4% (23 strains), which was higher than that of 12 type (12% (12 strains)) (χ(2)=7.01, 0.008). The percentages of the strains that were resistant to Azithromycin, Erythromycin, Clarithromycin, Clindamycin, Tetracyclin, Levofloxacin and Chloramphenicol were 96.8% (183 strains), 96.3% (182 strains), 92.1% (174 strains), 92.1% (174 strains), 73.0%(138 strains), 2.1% (4 strains) and 1.6% (3 strains), respectively. All isolates were susceptible to Penicillin, Cefazolin and Vancomycin, and there were statistical significance (χ(2)=953.28, 0.001). The dominant types causing scarlet fever are 12 and 1. The frequencies of and in 1 and 12 are different. S.pyrogenes in Tianjin were susceptible to penicillin, cefazolin and vancomycin, but highly resistant to the clindamycin, clarithromycin, erythromycin and azithromycin.
为调查2012年至2016年天津地区引起猩红热的化脓性链球菌的病原学特征。研究对象为2012年至2016年在天津市猩红热监测医院临床诊断为猩红热的儿童。排除标准为不能配合采样的猩红热患儿。共采集575例儿童咽拭子。采用生化方法分离鉴定咽拭子细菌，用PCR方法检测基因分型、超抗原基因，并用K-B纸片法测定菌株对10种抗生素的耐药性。比较不同型别化脓性链球菌超抗原基因携带情况及所有化脓性链球菌对不同抗生素的耐药性。共5种型别（1/11/12/22/89）。优势型别为12型（52.9%，100株）和1型（44.4%，84株）。speA和speC基因携带率分别为21.7%（41株）和76.7%（145株）。1型化脓性链球菌speA基因携带率为33.3%（28株），高于12型（12%（12株））（χ(2)=12.21，P<0.001）。1型化脓性链球菌speA和speC基因同时携带率为27.4%（23株），高于12型（12%（12株））（χ(2)=7.01，P<0.008）。菌株对阿奇霉素、红霉素、克拉霉素、克林霉素、四环素、左氧氟沙星和氯霉素的耐药率分别为96.8%（183株）、96.3%（182株）、92.1%（174株）、92.1%（174株）、73.0%（138株）、2.1%（4株）和1.6%（3株）。所有分离株对青霉素、头孢唑林和万古霉素敏感，差异有统计学意义（χ(2)=953.28，P<0.001）。引起猩红热的优势型别为12型和1型。1型和12型中speA和speC基因携带情况不同。天津地区化脓性链球菌对青霉素、头孢唑林和万古霉素敏感，但对克林霉素、克拉霉素、红霉素和阿奇霉素高度耐药。
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