[中国城市地区孕妇缺铁及缺铁性贫血患病率调查]
[Survey of prevalence of iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia in pregnant women in urban areas of China].
作者信息
He G L, Sun X, Tan J, He J, Chen X, Liu C X, Fan L, Zou L, Cao Y L, Xiao M, Zhang X Q, Zhang G H, Zhou W, Cai Y, Zhao X L, Gao Y, Li H M, Liu X L, Zhang H P, Wang Y, Tang H, Yuan N X, Ding G F, Zhan F, Yin C X, Zhang J W, Yang H M, Qi Y N, Liu X X
机构信息
Department of Obstetrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
出版信息
Zhonghua Fu Chan Ke Za Zhi. 2018 Nov 25;53(11):761-767. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0529-567x.2018.11.006.
To investigate the prevalence of iron deficiency (ID) and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in pregnant women in urban areas of China. The study was a national cross-sectional survey conducted from September 19th, 2016 to November 20th, 2016. According to the classification of the National Bureau of Statistics, all survey sites were set up in 6 regions of the country.Pregnant women were continuously selected using multistage stratified sampling. A total of 12 403 pregnant women were collected and examined for serum ferritin and hemoglobin levels. The median serum ferritin level during pregnancy was 20.60 μg/L (11.78-36.98 μg/L) , the hemoglobin level was (118±12) g/L. With the progress of pregnancy, the levels of serum ferritin and hemoglobin decreased gradually. The median serum ferritin levels in the first, second trimester and third trimester were 54.30 μg/L (34.48-94.01 μg/L) , 28.60 μg/L (16.40-50.52 μg/L) , and 16.70 μg/L (10.20-27.00 μg/L) respectively (0.01) . The mean hemoglobin levels were (127±10) g/L, (119±11) g/L and (117±11) g/L respectively (0.01) . The prevalence of ID in urban pregnant women was 48.16% (5 973/12 403) , and IDA prevalence was 13.87% (1 720/12 403) . The prevalence of IDA in the first, second trimester and third trimester were 1.96% (20/1 019) , 8.40% (293/3 487) and 17.82% (1 407/7 897) ,respectively (0.01) . The prevalence of standardized ID and IDA were significantly different in various regions of China (0.01) . The standardized prevalence of ID were relatively higher in East China and Northeast China, 57.37% and 53.41% respectively, while it was the lowest in Southwest China, 30.51%. The standardized prevalence of IDA in South Central, Northwest, and East China were relatively high, 21.30%, 16.97% and 17.53% respectively, and the standardized prevalence of IDA in Southwest China was the lowest, 5.44%, the differents in various regions were significant (all 0.01) . The current phenomenon of ID and IDA in pregnant women is still very common, and nutrition and health care during pregnancy should be strengthened.
调查中国城市地区孕妇缺铁（ID）及缺铁性贫血（IDA）的患病率。本研究为2016年9月19日至2016年11月20日开展的一项全国性横断面调查。根据国家统计局的分类，所有调查点分布在全国6个地区。采用多阶段分层抽样连续选取孕妇。共收集12403名孕妇并检测血清铁蛋白和血红蛋白水平。孕期血清铁蛋白水平中位数为20.60μg/L（11.78 - 36.98μg/L），血红蛋白水平为（118±12）g/L。随着孕期进展，血清铁蛋白和血红蛋白水平逐渐下降。妊娠早期、中期和晚期血清铁蛋白水平中位数分别为54.30μg/L（34.48 - 94.01μg/L）、28.60μg/L（16.40 - 50.52μg/L）和16.70μg/L（10.20 - 27.00μg/L）（P<0.01）。平均血红蛋白水平分别为（127±10）g/L、（119±11）g/L和（117±11）g/L（P<0.01）。城市孕妇ID患病率为48.16%（5973/12403），IDA患病率为13.87%（1720/12403）。妊娠早期、中期和晚期IDA患病率分别为1.96%（20/1019）、8.40%（293/3487）和17.82%（1407/7897）（P<0.01）。中国不同地区标准化ID和IDA患病率差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）。华东地区和东北地区标准化ID患病率相对较高，分别为57.37%和53.41%，而西南地区最低，为30.51%。中南地区、西北地区和华东地区标准化IDA患病率相对较高，分别为21.30%、16.97%和17.53%，西南地区标准化IDA患病率最低为5.44%，各地区差异有统计学意义（均为P<0.01）。目前孕妇ID和IDA现象仍很普遍，孕期营养及保健工作应加强。
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