Kozlov V A
Vopr Onkol. 2016;62(3):390-6.
There are numerous data in experimental and clinical medicine that convincing evidence on the leading role of the immune system in the pathogenesis of tumor diseases. Exactly immune cells such as cytotoxic T lymphocytes, NK cells, macrophages and dendritic cells have the ability to kill tumor cells. Under normal conditions the activity of these cells is a factor of inhibition proliferation and differentiation of tumor cells. An appearance of tumor itself, as uncontrolled cell growth and clinical manifestation, says that it was changed the cytotoxic activity of the cells causing tumor immunity. The main factor, if not the only reason for the decline of anti-tumor activity of the cells, is the formation of powerful extra- and inside-tumor suppressor mechanisms suppressing cytotoxic activity of anti-tumor immune-competent cells and allowing tumor cells to avoid surveillance by the immune system. It is showed that T and B cells, macrophages, and cells of myeloid origin suppressors possess these immunosuppressive properties. Therefore, in the future, methods to suppress functional activity of cells suppressors of various geneses can be the basis for immunotherapy of tumor growth.
实验医学和临床医学中有大量数据表明，免疫系统在肿瘤疾病发病机制中起主导作用有令人信服的证据。确切地说，诸如细胞毒性T淋巴细胞、自然杀伤细胞、巨噬细胞和树突状细胞等免疫细胞具有杀死肿瘤细胞的能力。在正常情况下，这些细胞的活性是抑制肿瘤细胞增殖和分化的一个因素。肿瘤本身作为不受控制的细胞生长和临床表现的出现，表明导致肿瘤免疫的细胞的细胞毒性活性发生了改变。细胞抗肿瘤活性下降的主要因素（如果不是唯一原因的话）是形成了强大的肿瘤外和肿瘤内抑制机制，这些机制抑制了抗肿瘤免疫活性细胞的细胞毒性活性，并使肿瘤细胞能够逃避免疫系统的监视。已表明T细胞、B细胞、巨噬细胞和髓系来源的抑制细胞具有这些免疫抑制特性。因此，未来抑制各种起源的抑制细胞功能活性的方法可能成为肿瘤生长免疫治疗的基础。
