埃塞俄比亚甘贝拉地区难民和当地社区中照顾者对儿童腹泻的认知与态度
Caregivers' knowledge and attitudes about childhood diarrhea among refugee and host communities in Gambella Region, Ethiopia.
作者信息
Mekonnen Getachew Kabew, Mengistie Bezatu, Sahilu Geremew, Mulat Worku, Kloos Helmut
机构信息
Ethiopian Institute of Water Resources, Addis Ababa University, P.O. BOX. 150461, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, P.O. Box 1570, Harar, Ethiopia.
出版信息
J Health Popul Nutr. 2018 Nov 22;37(1):24. doi: 10.1186/s41043-018-0156-y.
BACKGROUND
Maternal knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to hygiene, breastfeeding, sanitary food preparation, and appropriate weaning practices are potentially important determinants in the occurrence of diarrhea in children. However, few studies have been carried out about the knowledge and attitudes about childhood diarrhea among parents in refugee camps and host communities.
OBJECTIVE
This study aims at assessing the caregivers' knowledge and attitudes regarding acute diarrhea in under-five children among refugee and host communities in Gambella Region, Ethiopia.
METHODOLOGY
This cross-sectional study, employing multistage sampling, was carried out from September to December 2016. Data was collected by a questionnaire-based interview, and 1667 caregivers were included in this study. A composite knowledge score was calculated, and a five-point Likert type of attitude scale was developed to assess the attitudes of the caregivers towards childhood diarrhea. Appropriate descriptive statistics and logistic regression models were used. Odds ratios (ORs) are presented with their 95% confidence intervals (CIs), and all analyses were performed at the 5% significance level (p < 0.05).
RESULT
The study indicates that 633 (28.0%) of the caregivers had poor knowledge, while 393 (23.6%) of them had unfavorable attitudes towards childhood diarrhea. Knowledge of the caregivers was significantly associated with formal education (AOR, 1.3; 95% CI, 1.03-1.5) and health information obtained from a health care institution (AOR, 1.8; 95% CI, 1.28-2.3). Caregivers' knowledge is a single predictor of their attitude (p < 0.001), and Pearson's correlation coefficient revealed that there was a significant positive correlation (r = 0.2, p < 0.001) between knowledge and attitude scores.
CONCLUSION
The study indicates that significant numbers of caregivers had inadequate knowledge and unfavorable attitudes about diarrhea in under-five children. Designing and implementing an inclusive health education intervention focusing on uneducated child caregivers may be beneficial for improving knowledge and attitudes towards reducing the incidence of acute childhood diarrhea in the region.
背景
母亲在卫生、母乳喂养、卫生的食物制备及适当的断奶做法等方面的知识、态度和行为，可能是儿童腹泻发生的重要决定因素。然而，针对难民营和收容社区中父母对儿童腹泻的知识和态度的研究却很少。
目的
本研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚甘贝拉地区难民和收容社区中照顾者对五岁以下儿童急性腹泻的知识和态度。
方法
本横断面研究采用多阶段抽样，于2016年9月至12月进行。通过基于问卷的访谈收集数据，本研究纳入了1667名照顾者。计算综合知识得分，并编制一个五点李克特式态度量表，以评估照顾者对儿童腹泻的态度。使用了适当的描述性统计和逻辑回归模型。给出比值比（OR）及其95%置信区间（CI），所有分析均在5%显著性水平（p < 0.05）下进行。
结果
研究表明，633名（28.0%）照顾者知识水平较差，而其中393名（23.6%）对儿童腹泻持负面态度。照顾者的知识与正规教育（调整后比值比，1.3；95%置信区间，1.03 - 1.5）以及从医疗机构获得的健康信息（调整后比值比，1.8；95%置信区间，1.28 - 2.3）显著相关。照顾者的知识是其态度的唯一预测因素（p < 0.001），皮尔逊相关系数显示知识得分与态度得分之间存在显著正相关（r = 0.2，p < 0.001）。
结论
研究表明，相当数量的照顾者对五岁以下儿童腹泻的知识不足且态度负面。设计并实施一项针对未受过教育的儿童照顾者的包容性健康教育干预措施，可能有助于提高该地区对减少儿童急性腹泻发病率的知识和态度。
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