美国成年人处方类阿片滥用中的性取向差异。

Sexual Orientation Disparities in Prescription Opioid Misuse Among U.S. Adults.

机构信息

Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York.

出版信息

Am J Prev Med. 2019 Jan;56(1):17-26. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2018.07.032. Epub 2018 Nov 19.

DOI:10.1016/j.amepre.2018.07.032

PMID:30467089

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6385586/

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

The opioid epidemic in the U.S. continues to increase in severity, and misuse of prescription opioids is of particular concern since it commonly precedes heroin use. This study examined whether sexual orientation (i.e., sexual identity and sexual attraction) is a risk factor for prescription opioid misuse and use disorder among a nationally representative sample of adults in the U.S.

METHODS

This study used data from adult participants (ages ≥18 years) in the 2015 National Survey on Drug Use and Health. Chi-square tests and logistic regression examined how sexual identity and sexual attraction relate to past-year and past-month prescription opioid misuse and past-year prescription opioid use disorder. Multivariable models examined associations controlling for demographic characteristics and other drug use. Gender-stratified analyses were also conducted. Data were analyzed in 2018.

RESULTS

In multivariable analyses, compared with those identifying as heterosexual, bisexual individuals were at 1.53 (95% CI=1.20, 1.97) and 1.66 (95% CI=1.14, 2.42) higher odds of reporting past-year and past-month misuse, respectively. In stratified analyses, female bisexuals remained at high risk. Regarding sexual attraction, compared with being attracted to only the opposite sex, being attracted to mostly the opposite sex (AOR=2.15, 95% CI=1.77, 2.63) or being equally attracted to both sexes (AOR=1.78, 95% CI=1.38, 2.30) were associated with higher odds for past-year opioid misuse. In stratified analyses, these associations were limited to females.

CONCLUSIONS

Sexual orientation disparities in opioid misuse and use disorder among a nationally representative sample of U.S. adults was found.

摘要

简介

美国的阿片类药物泛滥问题仍在加剧，而处方类阿片药物的滥用尤其令人担忧，因为这通常是海洛因使用的前兆。本研究旨在调查性取向（即性认同和性吸引）是否是美国成年人群体中处方类阿片药物滥用和使用障碍的一个风险因素。

方法

本研究使用了 2015 年全国药物使用与健康调查中成年参与者（年龄≥18 岁）的数据。卡方检验和逻辑回归检验了性认同和性吸引与过去一年和过去一个月的处方类阿片药物滥用以及过去一年的处方类阿片药物使用障碍之间的关系。多变量模型通过控制人口统计学特征和其他药物使用情况来检验相关性。还进行了性别分层分析。数据分析于 2018 年进行。

结果

在多变量分析中，与异性恋者相比，双性恋者报告过去一年和过去一个月滥用的几率分别高出 1.53 倍（95%CI=1.20，1.97）和 1.66 倍（95%CI=1.14，2.42）。在分层分析中，女性双性恋者仍然存在高风险。至于性吸引，与只被异性吸引相比，主要被异性吸引（OR=2.15，95%CI=1.77，2.63）或同等程度地被两性吸引（OR=1.78，95%CI=1.38，2.30）与过去一年阿片类药物滥用的几率增加有关。在分层分析中，这些关联仅限于女性。