Sherman Benjamin, Chahla Jorge, Hutchinson William, Gerhardt Michael
Riverside University Health System, 26520 Cactus Ave, Moreno Valley, CA 92555, USA. Email:
Am J Orthop (Belle Mead NJ). 2018 Oct;47(10). doi: 10.12788/ajo.2018.0094.
Soccer is the most popular sport in the world and has the fourth highest number of sports injuries. Hip and groin injuries account for 14% of soccer injuries and can be difficult to recognize and treat as they often require a high level of suspicion and advanced imaging. Groin pain can be separated into 3 categories: (1) defined clinical entities for groin pain (adductor-related, iliopsoas-related, inguinal-related [sports hernias/athletic pubalgia], and pubic-related groin pain), (2) hip-related groin pain (hip morphologic abnormalities, labral tears, and chondral injuries), and (3) other causes of groin pain. Conservative approaches are typically the first line of treatment, but operative intervention has been reported to result in higher rates of return to sport in athletes with hip-related and inguinal-related groin pain injuries. In patients with concurrent hip-related and inguinal-related groin pain, the failure to recognize the relationship and treat both conditions may result in lower rates of return to sport. Preseason screening programs can identify high-risk athletes, who may benefit from a targeted prevention program. Further study on exercise therapy, early surgical intervention, and potential biologic intervention are needed to determine the most effective methods of preventing groin injuries in athletes.
足球是世界上最受欢迎的运动,其运动损伤数量排名第四。髋部和腹股沟损伤占足球损伤的14%,由于往往需要高度怀疑并借助先进的影像学检查,所以可能难以识别和治疗。腹股沟疼痛可分为3类:(1)明确的腹股沟疼痛临床实体(与内收肌相关、与髂腰肌相关、与腹股沟相关[运动性疝/运动员耻骨痛]以及与耻骨相关的腹股沟疼痛),(2)与髋关节相关的腹股沟疼痛(髋关节形态异常、盂唇撕裂和软骨损伤),以及(3)腹股沟疼痛的其他原因。保守治疗方法通常是一线治疗,但据报道,手术干预能使髋关节相关和腹股沟相关腹股沟疼痛损伤的运动员恢复运动的比例更高。对于同时存在髋关节相关和腹股沟相关腹股沟疼痛的患者,若未能认识到两者的关系并同时治疗这两种情况,可能会导致恢复运动的比例降低。季前筛查项目可以识别出高危运动员,他们可能会从有针对性的预防项目中受益。需要对运动疗法、早期手术干预和潜在的生物干预进行进一步研究,以确定预防运动员腹股沟损伤的最有效方法。