Morgan Prue, McGinley Jennifer L
Physiotherapy Department, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University, Frankston, VIC, Australia.
Physiotherapy Department, Melbourne School of Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
Handb Clin Neurol. 2018;159:323-336. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-63916-5.00020-3.
Cerebral palsy (CP) is a lifespan motor disorder arising from damage to the developing brain before or shortly after birth. People with CP may experience problems with muscle coordination and difficulties with the organization and processing of sensory information. Functional mobility is impaired and commonly influenced by spasticity and musculoskeletal system problems such as contractures or bony torsion. Around 60% of individuals with CP are able to walk independently or with aids when entering adulthood. However, many adults with CP experience increasing balance and mobility dysfunction associated with premature aging. Falls and reduced falls efficacy are commonly experienced, with associated physical and psychosocial consequences. There is evidence that ambulant adults with CP may be able to enhance their functional balance and mobility as a result of an individualized exercise program of sufficient duration and intensity. However, whether such programs result in a reduction in falls is unknown. Given the high number of falls with injury experienced by this population, attention to fall risk factors and provision of basic fall prevention strategies are warranted.
脑瘫(CP)是一种因出生前或出生后不久发育中的大脑受损而导致的终身运动障碍。脑瘫患者可能会出现肌肉协调问题以及感觉信息组织和处理困难。功能移动能力受损,通常受痉挛和肌肉骨骼系统问题(如挛缩或骨扭转)影响。约60%的脑瘫患者成年后能够独立行走或借助辅助器具行走。然而,许多成年脑瘫患者会出现与早衰相关的平衡和移动功能障碍加剧的情况。跌倒以及跌倒效能降低很常见,并伴有身体和心理社会后果。有证据表明,进行足够时长和强度的个体化运动计划后,能行走的成年脑瘫患者可能会增强其功能平衡和移动能力。然而,此类计划是否会减少跌倒尚不清楚。鉴于该人群跌倒受伤的发生率很高,关注跌倒风险因素并提供基本的跌倒预防策略是有必要的。
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