King's College London, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Translational Oncology and Urology Research (TOUR), London, United Kingdom.
Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland.
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2019 Mar;28(3):578-583. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-18-0520. Epub 2018 Nov 27.
Given the recent findings from pooled studies about a potential inverse association between selenium levels and prostate cancer risk, this cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the association between serum selenium and serum concentrations of sex steroid hormones including estradiol in a nationally representative sample of U.S. men to investigate one mechanism by which selenium may influence prostate cancer risk.
The study included 1,420 men ages 20 years or older who participated in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey between 1988 and 1994. We calculated age/race-ethnicity-adjusted and multivariable-adjusted geometric mean serum concentrations of total and estimated free testosterone and estradiol, androstanediol glucuronide, and sex hormone binding globulin, and compared them across quartiles of serum selenium.
Adjusting for age, race/ethnicity, smoking status, serum cotinine, household income, physical activity, alcohol consumption, and percent body fat, mean total estradiol [e.g., Q1, 38.00 pg/mL (95% confidence interval (CI), 36.03-40.08) vs. Q4, 35.29 pg/mL (95% CI, 33.53-37.14); = 0.050] and free estradiol [e.g., Q1, 0.96 pg/mL (95% CI, 0.92-1.01) vs. Q4, 0.90 (95% CI, 0.85-0.95); = 0.065] concentrations decreased over quartiles of selenium. Stratification by smoking and alcohol consumption, showed that the latter observation was stronger for never smokers ( = 0.073) and those with limited alcohol intake ( = 0.017). No associations were observed for the other sex steroid hormones studied.
Our findings suggests that a possible mechanism by which selenium may be protective for prostate cancer is related to estrogen.
Further studies of longitudinal measurements of serum and toenail selenium in relation to serum measurements of sex steroid hormones are needed.
鉴于最近关于硒水平与前列腺癌风险之间存在潜在反比关系的汇总研究结果，本横断面研究旨在调查美国男性全国代表性样本中血清硒与包括雌二醇在内的性激素浓度之间的关联，以研究硒可能影响前列腺癌风险的一种机制。
该研究纳入了 1420 名年龄在 20 岁及以上的男性，他们参加了 1988 年至 1994 年期间进行的第三次全国健康和营养检查调查。我们计算了年龄/种族调整和多变量调整后的总睾酮和估计游离睾酮以及雌二醇、雄烷二醇葡萄糖醛酸和性激素结合球蛋白的血清浓度，并比较了它们在硒血清四分位数之间的差异。
在调整年龄、种族/族裔、吸烟状况、血清可替宁、家庭收入、身体活动、饮酒量和体脂百分比后，总雌二醇的平均值[例如，Q1，38.00 pg/mL（95%置信区间（CI），36.03-40.08）vs. Q4，35.29 pg/mL（95% CI，33.53-37.14）；= 0.050]和游离雌二醇[例如，Q1，0.96 pg/mL（95% CI，0.92-1.01）vs. Q4，0.90（95% CI，0.85-0.95）；= 0.065]浓度随硒四分位数的降低而降低。按吸烟和饮酒量分层后，从未吸烟者（= 0.073）和饮酒量有限者（= 0.017）中观察到后一种观察结果更强。未观察到其他研究的性激素的相关性。
我们的研究结果表明，硒可能具有保护前列腺癌的作用，其机制可能与雌激素有关。
需要进一步研究血清和趾甲硒与性激素血清测量值的纵向测量值之间的关系。
