Department of Psychology and Sociology, Area of Psychobiology, University of Zaragoza, IIS Aragón, Teruel, Spain; Laboratory of Cognitive Social Neuroscience, Department of Psychobiology and IDOCAL, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
Laboratory of Cognitive Social Neuroscience, Department of Psychobiology and IDOCAL, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Department of Experimental Clinical and Health Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
Neurobiol Learn Mem. 2019 Jan;157:48-60. doi: 10.1016/j.nlm.2018.11.013. Epub 2018 Nov 29.
In recent decades, there has been a growing interest in investigating the effects of chronic and acute stress on cognitive processes, especially memory performance. However, research focusing on acute stress effects has reported contradictory findings, probably due to the many factors that can moderate this relationship. In addition to factors related to the individual, such as sex and age, other factors, such as the type of memory assessed, can play a critical role in the direction of these effects. This review summarizes the main findings of our research group and others about the effects of acute psychosocial stress on memory performance in young and older people of both sexes, taking into account the type and phase of memory assessed. In our opinion, an approach that addresses individual factors and other factors related to the type of stressor and temporal relationship between exposure to the stressor and performance will contribute to better understanding the mechanisms underlying the complex relationship between acute stress and memory. Finally, some new directions for future studies on this research topic are suggested.
近几十年来，人们越来越关注研究慢性和急性应激对认知过程的影响，特别是记忆表现。然而，专注于急性应激效应的研究报告了相互矛盾的发现，这可能是由于许多因素可以调节这种关系。除了与个体相关的因素，如性别和年龄，其他因素，如评估的记忆类型，在这些效应的方向上可以起到关键作用。这篇综述总结了我们研究小组和其他小组的主要发现，这些发现涉及急性心理社会应激对年轻和老年男女记忆表现的影响，同时考虑了评估的记忆类型和阶段。在我们看来，一种考虑到个体因素以及与应激源类型和应激源暴露与表现之间时间关系相关的其他因素的方法，将有助于更好地理解急性应激和记忆之间复杂关系的潜在机制。最后，对这一研究课题的未来研究提出了一些新的方向。
