性少数群体儿童：情绪障碍和自杀风险的差异。
Sexual minority children: Mood disorders and suicidality disparities.
机构信息
San Diego State University, Department of Psychology, USA; San Diego State University/University of California San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, USA.
San Diego State University, School of Public Health, USA.
出版信息
J Affect Disord. 2019 Mar 1;246:96-98. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.12.040. Epub 2018 Dec 17.
BACKGROUND
Sexual minority (gay, lesbian, and bisexual) individuals experience elevated mood disorders and suicidality compared to their heterosexual counterparts. However, to date, these sexual orientation disparities have yet to be examined among middle childhood-aged participants.
METHODS
Data were employed from the baseline wave of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study, a U.S. representative sample. Population-level weighting was utilized, resulting in an analytic sample of N = 8,204,013 (n = 4519) children between the ages of 9 and 10 years: with 70,952 (n= 43) identifying as sexual minories (0.9% of the population). Structured clinical interviews were used to assess mood disorders (i.e., depressive and bipolar disorders) and suicidality. Sexual orientation (sexual minority vs. heterosexual) was examined as the focal independent variable.
RESULTS
The overall prevalence of mood disorders was 7.1%. Sexual minority children (22.5%) possessed a higher rate than heterosexual children (6.9%). The overall prevalence of suicidality was 4.8%; sexual minority children (19.1%) possessed a higher rate than heterosexual children (4.6%).
LIMITATIONS
Sexual orientation assessment did not include attraction, and thus, results may represent a lower bound estimate of sexual minorities.
CONCLUSIONS
Sexual orientation disparities in mood disorders and suicidality appear to develop as early as middle childhood. Clinicians are encouraged to assess sexual orientation among children as young as 9-10 years old, and provide appropriate normalization of sexual orientation, and referrals for mental health treatment, as indicated.
背景
与异性恋者相比，性少数群体（同性恋、双性恋）个体的情绪障碍和自杀率更高。然而，迄今为止，这些性取向差异尚未在儿童中期参与者中进行研究。
方法
数据来自美国代表性样本青少年大脑认知发展（ABCD）研究的基线波。利用人口水平加权，得出分析样本 N=8204013（n=4519），年龄在 9 至 10 岁之间：有 70952 名（n=43）儿童认同为性少数群体（占总人口的 0.9%）。使用结构化临床访谈评估情绪障碍（即抑郁和双相情感障碍）和自杀倾向。性取向（性少数群体与异性恋）被视为焦点自变量。
结果
情绪障碍的总体患病率为 7.1%。性少数群体儿童（22.5%）的发病率高于异性恋儿童（6.9%）。自杀倾向的总体患病率为 4.8%；性少数群体儿童（19.1%）的发病率高于异性恋儿童（4.6%）。
局限性
性取向评估不包括吸引力，因此，结果可能代表性少数群体的下限估计。
结论
情绪障碍和自杀倾向的性取向差异似乎早在儿童中期就出现了。鼓励临床医生在 9-10 岁的儿童中评估性取向，并根据需要提供适当的性取向正常化和心理健康治疗转介。
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