Bureau of Epidemiology, New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, 4209 28th St, CN 07-103, Long Island City, NY, 11101, USA.
New York City Center for Innovation through Data Intelligence, Office of the Mayor of the City of New York, New York, NY, 10007, USA.
J Community Health. 2019 Oct;44(5):881-887. doi: 10.1007/s10900-018-00611-8.
This study assessed neighborhood-level association between jail incarceration and premature mortality and estimated the number of potentially avertable premature deaths associated with jail incarceration in NYC. The study outcome was premature mortality rate and the main predictor of interest was jail incarceration rate. Variables associated with premature mortality in bivariate analysis were considered for inclusion in the multivariable ordinary least squares model and in the multivariable linear mixed effects model accounting for spatial correlation. Numbers of potentially avertable premature deaths were calculated by substituting the citywide incarceration rate for the neighborhoods with incarceration rates higher than the citywide rate in the final regression model. There were large disparities in both jail incarceration and premature mortality rates. Incarceration was strongly associated with premature mortality. The number of potentially avertable premature deaths associated with jail incarceration from 2011 to 2015 was approximately 6000, representing 10% of all predicted premature deaths in NYC. This study indicates that incarceration is closely correlated with premature mortality rates, which may contribute to health inequities among low-income NYC neighborhoods with predominantly black and Latino residents.
本研究评估了监狱监禁与过早死亡之间的邻里水平关联，并估计了与纽约市监狱监禁相关的潜在可避免过早死亡人数。研究结果是过早死亡率，主要预测因素是监狱监禁率。在单变量分析中与过早死亡相关的变量被认为包含在多变量普通最小二乘模型和多变量线性混合效应模型中，以考虑空间相关性。潜在可避免的过早死亡人数是通过将城市监禁率替换为最后回归模型中监禁率高于城市率的邻里地区来计算的。监狱监禁率和过早死亡率都存在很大的差异。监禁与过早死亡密切相关。2011 年至 2015 年，与监狱监禁相关的潜在可避免过早死亡人数约为 6000 人，占纽约市所有预测过早死亡人数的 10%。本研究表明，监禁与过早死亡率密切相关，这可能导致以黑人和拉丁裔居民为主的低收入纽约市社区的健康不平等。
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