a Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, College of Agriculture , Guangxi University , Nanning , Guangxi , People's Republic of China.
Int J Phytoremediation. 2019;21(6):583-589. doi: 10.1080/15226514.2018.1540543. Epub 2019 Jan 16.
This study aimed to investigate the potential use of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) in removing two herbicides (mesotrione and fomesafen) with long degradation cycles in water. The relative growth rate (RGR) of water hyacinth in the presence of 100-mg/L mesotrione and fomesafen was significantly lower than that in their absence, particularly with fomesafen. Moreover, the RGR and RGR with treatment with fomesafen were 1.47- and 1.58-fold lower than those with treatment with mesotrione, respectively. The disappearance rate constants of mesotrione and fomesafen in natural water were, respectively, 0.1148 and 0.0276 d with plants and 0.0038 and 0.0005 d without plants. The disappearance rate constants with and without plants were significantly different, indicating that uptake by plants combined with degradation by plant-associated bacteria account for 96.7% and 98.2% of the removal of mesotrione and fomesafen, respectively. The bioconcentration factor for mesotrione and fomesafen in living water hyacinth plants ranged 0.38-16.97 and 1.05-3.50 L/kg, respectively, whereas the residues of mesotrione and fomesafen in water decreased by 70-92 and 22-34%, respectively, after the plants were grown for 14 d in culture solution with 100-mg/L mesotrione and fomesafen. These results show that uptake by plants combined with degradation by plant-associated bacteria may be the dominant process in the removal of mesotrione and fomesafen from water by plants. Water hyacinth may be applied as an efficient, economical, and ecological alternative to accelerate the removal and degradation of agro-industrial waste water polluted with mesotrione and fomesafen.
本研究旨在探讨水葫芦（Eichhornia crassipes）在去除水中两种具有长降解周期的除草剂（麦草畏和氟磺胺草醚）方面的潜在应用。在 100mg/L 麦草畏和氟磺胺草醚存在下，水葫芦的相对生长率（RGR）明显低于不存在时，特别是在氟磺胺草醚存在下。此外，与麦草畏处理相比，氟磺胺草醚处理的 RGR 和 RGR 分别降低了 1.47 倍和 1.58 倍。在有植物和无植物的情况下，麦草畏和氟磺胺草醚在天然水中的消失速率常数分别为 0.1148 和 0.0276 d，有植物和无植物的消失速率常数有显著差异，表明植物的吸收与植物相关细菌的降解相结合，分别占麦草畏和氟磺胺草醚去除量的 96.7%和 98.2%。麦草畏和氟磺胺草醚在活体水葫芦植物中的生物浓缩因子分别为 0.38-16.97 和 1.05-3.50 L/kg，而在培养溶液中生长 14 天后，水葫芦植物对水中的麦草畏和氟磺胺草醚残留分别减少了 70-92%和 22-34%。这些结果表明，植物的吸收与植物相关细菌的降解相结合可能是植物去除水中麦草畏和氟磺胺草醚的主要过程。水葫芦可用作一种高效、经济和生态的替代方法，加速去除和降解受麦草畏和氟磺胺草醚污染的农业工业废水。
