坎地沙坦与其前药坎地沙坦西酯在与 2-羟丙基-β-环糊精形成的包合物中的主体-客体相互作用:对血管紧张素 II 拮抗作用的生物学效力。

Host-Guest Interactions between Candesartan and Its Prodrug Candesartan Cilexetil in Complex with 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin: On the Biological Potency for Angiotensin II Antagonism.

机构信息

Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Organic Chemistry , National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Panepistimioupolis, Zografou 15771 , Greece.

Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine , University of Crete , Heraklion, Crete 70013 , Greece.

出版信息

Mol Pharm. 2019 Mar 4;16(3):1255-1271. doi: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b01212. Epub 2019 Feb 13.

Abstract

Renin-angiotensin aldosterone system inhibitors are for a long time extensively used for the treatment of cardiovascular and renal diseases. AT1 receptor blockers (ARBs or sartans) act as antihypertensive drugs by blocking the octapeptide hormone Angiotensin II to stimulate AT1 receptors. The antihypertensive drug candesartan (CAN) is the active metabolite of candesartan cilexetil (Atacand, CC). Complexes of candesartan and candesartan cilexetil with 2-hydroxylpropyl-β-cyclodextrin (2-HP-β-CD) were characterized using high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and solid state C cross-polarization/magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (CP/MAS NMR) spectroscopy. The C CP/MAS results showed broad peaks especially in the aromatic region, thus confirming the strong interactions between cyclodextrin and drugs. This experimental evidence was in accordance with molecular dynamics simulations and quantum mechanical calculations. The synthesized and characterized complexes were evaluated biologically in vitro. It was shown that as a result of CAN's complexation, CAN exerts higher antagonistic activity than CC. Therefore, a formulation of CC with 2-HP-β-CD is not indicated, while the formulation with CAN is promising and needs further investigation. This intriguing result is justified by the binding free energy calculations, which predicted efficient CC binding to 2-HP-β-CD, and thus, the molecule's availability for release and action on the target is diminished. In contrast, CAN binding was not favored, and this may allow easy release for the drug to exert its bioactivity.

摘要

肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统抑制剂长期以来被广泛用于治疗心血管和肾脏疾病。AT1 受体阻滞剂(ARB 或沙坦类)通过阻断八肽激素血管紧张素 II 刺激 AT1 受体而起降压作用。降压药坎地沙坦(CAN)是坎地沙坦西酯(Atacand,CC)的活性代谢物。坎地沙坦和坎地沙坦西酯与 2-羟丙基-β-环糊精(2-HP-β-CD)的复合物采用高分辨率电喷雾电离质谱和固态 C 交叉极化/魔角旋转核磁共振(CP/MAS NMR)光谱进行了表征。CP/MAS 结果显示在芳香区域尤其出现宽峰,从而证实了环糊精与药物之间的强相互作用。这一实验证据与分子动力学模拟和量子力学计算相符。对合成和表征的复合物进行了体外生物学评价。结果表明,由于 CAN 的络合作用,CAN 比 CC 表现出更高的拮抗活性。因此,CC 与 2-HP-β-CD 的配方不适用,而 CC 与 CAN 的配方具有应用前景,需要进一步研究。结合自由能计算可以解释这一有趣的结果,该计算预测 CC 与 2-HP-β-CD 结合效率高,从而降低了分子的释放和对靶标的作用能力。相比之下,CAN 结合不受青睐,这可能允许药物容易释放以发挥其生物活性。

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