GreenUPorto - Sustainable Agrifood Production Research Centre, Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences of University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal.
GreenUPorto - Sustainable Agrifood Production Research Centre, Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences of University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal.
Environ Pollut. 2019 Apr;247:256-265. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.01.063. Epub 2019 Jan 17.
Using a realistic and environmental relevant approach, the present study aimed at understanding the biochemical and physiological basis of glyphosate (GLY)-induced stress in non-target plant species, using tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) as a model. For this purpose, plants were grown for 28 days under different concentrations of a commercial formulation of GLY (Roundup UltraMax) - 0, 10, 20 and 30 mg kg soil. The exposure of plants to increasing concentrations of GLY caused a severe inhibition of growth (root and shoot elongation and fresh weight), especially in the highest treatments. In what regards the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), both hydrogen peroxide (HO) and superoxide anion (O) remained unchanged in shoots, but significantly increased in roots. Moreover, a concentration-dependent decrease in lipid peroxidation (LP) was found in shoots, though in roots differences were only found for the highest concentration of GLY. The evaluation of the antioxidant system showed that GLY interfered with several antioxidant metabolites (proline, ascorbate and glutathione) and enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase - SOD; catalase - CAT; ascorbate peroxidase - APX), generally inducing a positive response of the defense mechanisms. Overall, data obtained in this study unequivocally demonstrated that soil contamination by GLY, applied as part of its commercial formulation Roundup UltraMax, impairs the growth and physiological performance of tomato plants, and likely of other non-target plant species, after 28 days of exposure by clearly affecting the normal redox homeostasis.
采用现实且与环境相关的方法，本研究旨在了解草甘膦（GLY）对非靶标植物物种产生应激的生化和生理基础，以番茄（Solanum lycopersicum L.）为模型。为此，将植物在不同浓度的草甘膦商业制剂（Roundup UltraMax）下培养 28 天 - 0、10、20 和 30mgkg 土壤。植物暴露于不断增加的 GLY 浓度下会严重抑制生长（根和茎伸长和鲜重），尤其是在最高处理中。关于活性氧（ROS）水平，过氧化氢（HO）和超氧阴离子（O）在茎中的水平保持不变，但在根中显著增加。此外，还发现脂质过氧化（LP）随浓度降低，尽管在根中仅在 GLY 的最高浓度下发现差异。抗氧化系统的评估表明，GLY 干扰了几种抗氧化代谢物（脯氨酸、抗坏血酸和谷胱甘肽）和酶活性（超氧化物歧化酶-SOD；过氧化氢酶-CAT；抗坏血酸过氧化物酶-APX），通常会诱导防御机制的正响应。总的来说，本研究获得的数据明确表明，作为其商业制剂 Roundup UltraMax 的一部分，土壤中 GLY 的污染会损害番茄植物的生长和生理性能，而且可能会损害其他非靶标植物物种，因为其在 28 天的暴露后明显影响了正常的氧化还原平衡。
