Roda Gabriella, Faggiani Francesca, Bolchi Cristiano, Pallavicini Marco, Dei Cas Michele
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan.
Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan.
Anal Sci. 2019 May 10;35(5):479-491. doi: 10.2116/analsci.18R004. Epub 2019 Jan 25.
Synthetic opioids, such as fentanyl and its analogues, are a new public health warning. Clandestine laboratories produce drug analogues at a faster rate than these compounds can be controlled or scheduled by drug agencies. Detection requires specific testing and clinicians may be confronted with a sequence of severe issues concerning the diagnosis and management of these contemporary opioid overdoses. This paper deals with methods for biological sample treatment, as well as the methodologies of analysis that have been reported, in the last decade, in the field of fentanyl-like compounds. From this analysis, it emerges that the gold standard for the identification and quantification of 4-anilinopiperidines is LC-MS/MS, coupled with liquid-liquid or solid-phase extraction. In the end, the return to the scene of illicit fentanyls can be considered as a critical problem that can be tackled only with a global multidisciplinary approach.
合成阿片类药物，如芬太尼及其类似物，是一个新的公共卫生警示。秘密实验室生产药物类似物的速度比药物机构对这些化合物进行管控或列入管制清单的速度更快。检测需要特定的测试，临床医生可能会面临一系列与这些当代阿片类药物过量的诊断和管理相关的严重问题。本文论述了过去十年中在芬太尼类化合物领域所报道的生物样品处理方法以及分析方法。从这一分析中可以看出，4-苯胺基哌啶类化合物鉴定和定量的金标准是液相色谱-串联质谱联用，并结合液液萃取或固相萃取。最后，非法芬太尼回流现场可被视为一个关键问题，只有通过全球多学科方法才能解决。
