Mello A F S, Olarte R A, Gray S M, Perry K L
Department of Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Interactions, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853.
Department of Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Interactions, Cornell University, and United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Plant Protection Unit, Ithaca, NY 14853.
Plant Dis. 2011 Oct;95(10):1279-1283. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-11-10-0855.
Potato virus Y (PVY) is a reemerging problem in potato production in North America. Although the "ordinary" strain, PVY, is still the dominant isolate in U.S. seed potatoes, the recombinant strain of the virus PVY (= PVY) has become widespread. An increase in the prevalence of a PVY strain could be due to differences in the efficiency of transmission by aphid vectors. The transmission efficiency by a clone of Myzus persicae was determined for five isolates each of PVY and PVY. An aphid transmission assay was developed based on the use of potato seedlings from true potato seed, allowing for greater control of plant age and growth stage. No apparent differences in transmission by M. persicae were observed. Single isolates of PVY and PVY were tested for their ability to be transmitted from potato to potato by five aphid species: Aphis glycines, A. gossypii, A. nasturtii, M. persicae, and Rhopalosiphum padi. Both PVY isolates showed a similar transmission phenotype in being transmitted efficiently by M. persicae but very poorly or not at all by A. glycines, A. gossypii, and R. padi. The aphid A. nasturtii transmitted both isolates with an intermediate level of efficiency. The data do not support a model for a differential aphid transmissibility being responsible for the increase in the prevalence of PVY.
马铃薯Y病毒（PVY）是北美马铃薯生产中重新出现的一个问题。尽管“普通”株系PVY在美国种薯中仍是主要分离株，但该病毒的重组株系PVY（=PVY）已广泛传播。PVY株系流行率的增加可能是由于蚜虫介体传播效率的差异。测定了PVY和PVY的五个分离株系由桃蚜一个克隆株的传播效率。基于使用实生马铃薯种子培育的马铃薯幼苗开发了一种蚜虫传播试验，从而能够更好地控制植株年龄和生长阶段。未观察到桃蚜在传播方面有明显差异。测试了PVY和PVY的单个分离株系通过五种蚜虫从马铃薯传播到马铃薯的能力，这五种蚜虫分别是大豆蚜、棉蚜、旱金莲蚜、桃蚜和禾谷缢管蚜。两个PVY分离株系表现出相似的传播表型，即被桃蚜高效传播，但被大豆蚜、棉蚜和禾谷缢管蚜传播得很差或根本不传播。旱金莲蚜以中等效率传播两个分离株系。这些数据不支持关于蚜虫传播能力差异导致PVY流行率增加的模型。
