Smolle Elisabeth, Pichler Martin
Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria.
Department of Experimental Therapeutics, Division of Medicine, The UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Cancers (Basel). 2019 Feb 10;11(2):204. doi: 10.3390/cancers11020204.
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in non-, and especially in never-smoking patients is considered a biologically unique type of lung cancer, since risk factors and tumorigenic conditions, other than tobacco smoke, come into play. In this review article, we comprehensively searched and summarized the current literature with the aim to outline what exactly triggers lung cancer in non-smokers. Changes in the tumor microenvironment, distinct driver genes and genetic pathway alterations that are specific for non-smoking patients, as well as lifestyle-related risk factors apart from tobacco smoke are critically discussed. The data we have reviewed highlights once again the importance of personalized cancer therapy, i.e., careful molecular and genetic assessment of the tumor to provide tailored treatment options with optimum chances of good response-especially for the subgroups of never-smokers.
非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）在非吸烟者，尤其是从不吸烟者中被认为是一种生物学上独特的肺癌类型，因为除了烟草烟雾外，其他风险因素和致瘤条件也在起作用。在这篇综述文章中，我们全面检索并总结了当前文献，旨在概述究竟是什么引发了非吸烟者的肺癌。文中批判性地讨论了肿瘤微环境的变化、非吸烟患者特有的不同驱动基因和遗传途径改变，以及除烟草烟雾外与生活方式相关的风险因素。我们所综述的数据再次凸显了个性化癌症治疗的重要性，即对肿瘤进行仔细的分子和基因评估，以提供具有最佳良好反应机会的量身定制的治疗方案——尤其是对于从不吸烟者亚组。
